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Japan's business confidence worsens in January-March period

Tokyo - Business sentiment among Japan's major manufacturers worsened in the January-March period compared to the previous quarter, the Bank of Japan said Tuesday, citing its quarterly Tankan survey. It was the second consecutive quarter that the index declined.

Confidence among large manufacturers fell to 11 in the three months through March from the previous period of 19, while sentiment among major non-manufacturers dropped to 12 from 16.

The diffusion index shows the percentage of companies reporting favorable business conditions minus that of those reporting unfavorable conditions. . more

Blurb Launches B3 - A New Business-to-Business Membership Program

Blurb, the creative book publishing service, today introduced B3, the Blurb Business to Business program. B3 membership gives creative professionals and businesses the control, print consistency, and direct support options required when making Blurb books in connection with their work.

A highlight of the program is the Custom Workflow feature, which provides a higher degree of color control and consistency across book orders. B3 members can use Blurb's standard workflow at Blurb's regular pricing, or select B3 Custom Workflow as a premium upgrade. B3 Custom Workflow books are printed exclusively on the HP Indigo 5500.

A limited number of exclusive B3 charter memberships are available now. Paid annual subscriptions will be available later this year.

"Providing a custom profile that enables photographers to accurately soft proof their images -- so what they see on their monitors is what they get in print -- has been the holy grail for enthusiast and professional photographers alike," said Eileen Gittins, Blurb's founder and CEO. more

Cogeneration to help Eskom avoid power cuts to platinum mines - 27th March 2008

Over 100 South African industrial companies and entrepreneurs have told Eskom that they were interested in generating additional power, the firm has said.

Eskom extended the deadline for cogeneration bids from February to the end of May and following the positive response it could receive a maximum of 3,000 MW of power.

The firm said that cogeneration was a new concept and many different aspects needed to be involved including "national legislation".

South African suppliers capable of in putting a minimum of one megawatt of electricity continuously were asked to contact Eskom if they could have facilities in place by 2012.

Industries capable of offering between five MW and 100 MW were also asked in a separate phase.

"We have begun preparing tender documents for these potential generators and will be releasing them by the end of March 2008 for interest, until the end of November 2008," a statement from the energy supplier read. more

Vincent has seen it all before

Vincent Tchenguiz, the property entrepreneur, is weeks away from completing a repositioning of his £1.4bn Consensus Business Group, including the completion of a refinancing of up to £700m to generate additional cash for the business.

The Iranian-born investor is being forced to change his strategy to cope with the crisis in the markets for debt, on which both Vincent and his brother Robert built their property empire over the past two decades.

. more

BUSINESS WIRE: Twelve New Wavecom Wireless CPU^® Devices Now Fully Certified for U.S. Networks

MITTEILUNG UEBERMITTELT VON BUSINESS WIRE. FUER DEN INHALT IST ALLEIN DAS BERICHTENDE UNTERNEHMEN VERANTWORTLICH.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, N.C. --(BUSINESS WIRE)--31.03.2008--

Fastrack Supreme, Wireless Microprocessor and Q2687 families of product ready to activate on the nations largest GSM network

Regulatory News:

Wavecom (Paris:AVM) (NASDAQ:WVCM) today announced complete certification of twelve Wireless CPU^® products for use in the U.S. Designed specifically for machine-to-machine applications, the devices all support the innovative Wavecom low-cost-of-ownership, single-CPU architecture.

All Wavecom Fastrack Supreme, Wireless Microprocessor and Q2687 products have received AT&T certification, signifying a major milestone that opens the gates for substantial new business opportunities in North America. more

Latest Small Business Act Section 3 News

Chaplains, GIs and Red Sox - Santa Maria Times

The Yokohama Bay Bridge is a shining silver arch over a section of Tokyo Bay, Japan. It is part of the Shuto Expressway, a system of roadways, tunnels and bridges that allows motor vehicles to bypass Tokyo to reach the Chiba Peninsula.

Berry Launches New Go-to-Market Approach ; Restructuring Announced to ... - pepei.pennnet

DENVER, Jan. 14 /PRNewswire/ -- The Berry Company LLC ("Berry"), a wholly owned subsidiary of Local Insight Regatta Holdings, Inc., today announced the launch of an innovative new business model developed to help its small business clients generate ...

Feingold proposes job tax credit as debate swirls over stimulus - Lakeland Times

While the Obama plan would focus on such economic avenues as road projects, small-business loans, and more aid to state and local governments ... For example, the Recovery Act included $2.3 billion in tax credits to promote job growth in solar, wind ...

Diana's gives Nashville a taste of Port Huron - Port Huron Times-Herald

Nieser and Kutz, both 1979 graduates of Port Huron Northern High School, said the small diner brought back good ... Kutz and Nieser said the store was doing good business right in the heart of the tourist section of Nashville. The two women walked ...

The plan to save the music biz - CNN Money

It wasn't an aesthetic decision: Member George "Johnny 3 Tears" Ragan ... When Octone was first launched, its business model was a novelty. Diener was responsible for nurturing and developing a small stable of artists. When an act sold about 75,000 ...

Pacific North West Capital Corp. Joins AGORACOM and Launches Online IR ... - Redorbit.com

... TRANSPARENCY AND ACCESS TO COMPANY In response to overwhelming data representing the online research and communications habits of small-cap investors ... within the meaning of Section 21E of the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as ...

Dow Gains Ahead of Earnings - Wall Street Journal

... small-stock Russell 2000 was off 0.1%. Companies with business in Venezuela took a hit following the country's currency devaluation. On Friday, Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez said the country would increase its official bolivar peg to 4.3 ...

Business calendar - Buffalo News

The Business Calendar runs each Sunday in the Business section. Notices of meetings, seminars and workshops of interest to the ... Free advice to entrepreneurs and small business owners located on the West Side of Buffalo. Information, call Bonnie ...

Google's decision on China traces back to founders - Associated Press

The symbolic act was designed to show he shared some of the concerns outlined ... Analysts estimate Google could get $250 million to $600 million in revenue from China this year, a small slice of Google's $22 billion in worldwide revenue.

Health care bill's effect on veterans a hot issue - Montgomery Advertiser

As House and Senate Democrats negotiate a final compromise national health care reform bill, military people across the nation -- and their advocates in Washington -- remain vigilant for side effects. The Obama administration and Democratic ...

Resolved Question: Extra Work on Acting Resume?

Hello. I was just wondering if I should put extra work that I have done in my acting resume. I am 18 years old, and I have been an extra for about 3 commercials and shows through Beau Bonneau extras casting here in San Francisco. I also might be able to be in an ad for a magazine or catalog, but I am not fully sure yet. I was wondering if I should put all of this in my acting resume under "extra work". I am also trying out for a role in a public theater (non-paying). They are doing "A Christmas Carol". If I am casted as something small like the chorus or something small like that, should I still put it in? The reason I want to put this in is because I am only starting out. I am an aspiring actor, and I know that you can't just start off big. The reason that I'm doing extra work is to familiarize myself with the settings of the "acting" business. Should I also put down some of my skills like: I have been playing guitar for several (about 5) years, I played the tuba for 3 years in school, I learned basic piano for about 2-3 months, and I am currently taking voice lessons for singing? Also, I won't send this resume to casting directors. The reason why I am building this resume is to get an AGENT and some type of representation. So yea, should I make an "extra work" section and put in some of the skills that I know how to do in my resume in order to get an agent or get some type of acting work in small things like a community play? Is this the RIGHT way to get an agent? Thanks to those who answer! more

Resolved Question: As part of the new "Food safety enhancement act of 2009", how does this benefit....?

This bill is 1,500 pages long. Here is a small excerpt from it which will affect so many people in our nation. What else is in this bill that is detrimental to this nation, and all of us? what part of our lives will the current administration try to control next? Q3: I have a garden and sell produce at a road-side stand on my property. Would HR 2749 apply to me? A3: Yes, you would now have to follow federally-..established standards for growing produce. [3a] Produce not grown as required by these standards would be considered as adulterated under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA). [3b] Further, you would be required to make your business records available to FDA inspectors. [3c] The inspectors would have the power to show up unannounced without a warrant to search your records without any evidence whatsoever that you have committed a violation of the law. If you refuse to let the inspector see your records, you would be guilty of adulteration under FFDCA. [3d] [3a] Section 104(b)-pp. 38-41 [3b] Section 104(a)-p. 38 [3c] Section 106(a)-p. 48 [3d] Section 207(a)-pp. 119-120 Q4: I sell produce from my garden at a local farmers market, under HR 2749 would I have to register as a "food facility" with FDA? A4: Farms are exempt from the registration requirement under current law. [4a] HR 2749 would not eliminate this exemption. "Farm" is narrowly defined under current regulations [4b]; so, it is possible that many farms that have not registered in the past, could be required to do so if FDA has more resources at its disposal to enforce registration. For example, a farm that sells vegetables straight from the garden (i.e., no processing) would not be a "food facility". If FDA strictly interprets the definition of "farm", a farm that sells canned vegetables at the market would be a "food facility" because canning is considered "processing" under the law. [4c] Under federal regulation, a farm that processes food would not be considered a "farm" for purposes of the registration requirement unless ALL of the processed food is consumed ON the farm. [4d] Under HR 2749, those who sell vegetables from the garden at farmers markets would be required to follow federal standards for growing produce [4e]; and their business records would be subject to random warrantless searches by FDA inspectors even if the agency has no evidence of any violation of the law. [4f-see Q3/A3 above] [4a] 21 USC 350d [4b] 21 CFR 1.227(3) [4c] 21 CFR 1.227(6) [4d] 21 CFR 1.227(3) [4e] Section 104(b)-pp. 38-41 [4f] Section 106(a)-p. 48 Q5: I own a bakery and sell my goods at a local farmers market, how would HR 2749 apply to me? A5: HR 2749 would apply to you in the following ways: 1 - Your bakery would qualify as a "food facility" and you would need to register with FDA each year [5a] and pay an annual fee ($500 in 2010 [5b], and increasing in future years as indexed for inflation [5c]). 2 - You would have to register in electronic format. [5d] 3 - You would be required to have a unique facility identifier number. [5e] 4 - You would be required to conduct an analysis identifying potential hazards at your food facility; and you must implement controls to prevent those hazards from occurring as well as a plan for what to do in the event that any do occur. [5f] 5 - If your products cross state lines, you must develop a FOOD SAFETY PLAN. [5g-also see Q6/A6 below] 6 - You would also be required to establish and maintain a system for tracing the food you produce. It is uncertain at this point what this traceability system will require, but the requirements are likely to be extensive. [5h] [5a] Section 101(b)-p. 6 [4b] Section 101(b)-p. 13 [5c] Section 101(c)-p. 14 [5d] Section 101(b)-p. 7 [5e] Section 206(a)-p. 118 [5f] Section 102(a)-p. 21 [5g] Section 102, sec 418A(a)-p. 28 [5h] Section 107(c)-p. 54-58 Q6: What will a FOOD SAFETY PLAN involve? A6: Your FOOD SAFETY PLAN would have to include a hazard analysis that identifies potential hazards in your operation. The plan must also include descriptions of a variety of procedures you follow to prevent hazards from occurring and corrective actions to take if any does occur. In addition, you would need to describe your procedures for recordkeeping, conducting recalls, and traceback. Further, the plan must include how you ensure a "safe and secure food supply chain" for the items and ingredients you use as well as how you implement any science-based performance standards required by FDA. [6a] [6a] Section 102, sec 418A(b)-pp. 29-30 Q7: I have read a summary of HR 2749 and am alarmed by the provision giving the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) the power to quarantine any geographic area within the country. How broad is this power? A7: Under HR 2749, the HHS Secretary would have the power to prohibit ALL MOVEMENT of ALL FOOD within a geographic area. No court order is needed to exercise this power. The Secretary on more

Resolved Question: true or false?? I need help determining which ones are true and which ones are false!?

TRUE/FALSE 1. Some of the major fraudulent acts by senior executives started as what they considered to be small ethical lapses which grew out of control. 2. The rights or claims to the assets of a business may be subdivided into rights of creditors and rights of stockholders. 3. If net income for a corporation was $25,000, the dividends paid in cash of $10,000, and the stockholders’ invested $5,000 in cash, the stockholders’ equity increased by $20,000. 4. The statement of cash flows consists of an operating section, an income section, and a stockholders’ equity section. 5. The chart of accounts should be the same for each business. 6. Liabilities are debts owned by the business entity. 7. A capital stock account represents the amount of investments less dividends made by the owner. 8. When an account receivable is collected in cash, the total assets of the business increase. 9. A notation in the post reference column of the general journal indicates that the amount has been posted to the ledger. 10. The totals at the bottom of the trial balance and the totals at the bottom of the balance sheet both show equality and balancing, and therefore should be equal. more

Resolved Question: HELP in Accounting plz..?

True or False 1. Some of the major fraudulent acts by senior executives started as what they considered to be small ethical lapses which grew out of control. 2. The rights or claims to the assets of a business may be subdivided into rights of creditors and rights of stockholders. 3. If net income for a corporation was $25,000, the dividends paid in cash of $10,000, and the stockholders’ invested $5,000 in cash, the stockholders’ equity increased by $20,000. 4. The statement of cash flows consists of an operating section, an income section, and a stockholders’ equity section. more

Resolved Question: answer as much as you can [i dare you]?

When does it stop being partly cloudy and start being partly sunny? Are eyebrows considered facial hair? If a baby's leg pops out at 11:59PM but his head doesn't come out until 12:01, which day was he born on? In the song Yankee Doodle, is he calling the horse or the feather "macaroni"? Is there a time limit on fortune cookie predictions? Since bread is square, then why is sandwich meat round? Do they have the word "dictionary" in the dictionary? Can you daydream at night? Why is it that on a phone or calculator the number five has a little dot on it? Can crop circles be square? If ghosts can walk through walls and glide down stairs, why don't they fall through the floor? Is it legal to travel down a road in reverse, as long as your following the direction of the traffic? When Atheists go to court, do they have to swear on the bible? Why is vanilla ice cream white when vanilla extract is brown? Can animals commit suicide? What do you do when you see an endangered animal that is eating an endangered plant? If a doctor suddenly had a heart attack while doing surgery, would the other doctors work on the doctor or the patient? How can something be "new" and "improved"? if it's new, what was it improving on? Why aren't drapes double sided so it looks nice on the inside and outside of your home? When two people marry, they say, "you may kiss the bride". What do they say if two MEN get married? Why is it that when we "skate on thin ice", we can "get in hot water"? Why do people say beans beans the magical fruit when beans are vegetables? If laughter is the best medicine, who's the idiot who said they 'died laughing'? If money doesn't grow on trees then why do banks have branches? Why are the little styrofoam pieces called peanuts? Why does the Easter bunny carry eggs? Rabbits don't lay eggs. Do siamese twins pay for one ticket or two tickets when they go to movies and concerts? Why are they called 'Jolly Ranchers'? Who said that the ranchers were jolly? Why does caregiver and caretaker mean the same thing? Can a short person "talk down" to a taller person? If a bald person works as a chef at a restaurant, do they have to wear a hairnet? If milk goes bad if not refrigerated, does it go bad if the cow isnt refrigerated? How fast do hotcakes sell? Do prison buses have emergency exits? Do astronauts change their clocks when they move over different time zones in space? Can a black person join the kkk? When lightning strikes the ocean why don't all the fish die? When there's two men who "get married", do they both go to the same bachelor party? If a guy that was about to die in the electric chair had a heart attack should they save him? Why are there interstate highways in Hawaii? Do Jewish vampires avoid crosses or Stars of David? If London Bridge is standing why is there a song about it falling down? Why is it that before 9/11 they always showed the emergency broadcast system test, and on 9/11 they never used it? If a nursing mother had her nipples pierced would the milk come out of all three holes? Who was Sadie Hawkins? If a stripper gets breast implants can she write it off on her taxes as a business expense? Why do we sing "Rock a bye baby" to lull a baby to sleep when the song is about putting your baby in a tree and letting the wind crash the cradle on the ground? If parents say, "Never take candy from strangers" then why do we celebrate Halloween? Do the minutes on the movie boxes include the previews, credits, and special features, or just the movie itself? Is there ever a day that mattresses are not on sale? What does PU stand for (as in "PU, that stinks!")? Why do we put suits in a garment bag and put garments in a suitcase? Can cannibals be arrested for being under the influence of alcohol (e.g. drunk-driving) if they have eaten someone who was drunk? What is the stage of a reptile when it has eggs in it but they haven't been laid. Are they pregnant? If Mars had earthquakes would they be called marsquakes? Why do people never say "it's only a game" when they're winning? If an ambulance is on its way to save someone, and it runs someone over, does it stop to help them? Why is it called a funny bone, when if you hit it, it's not funny at all? Do you yawn in your sleep? Why do dogs like the smell of other dogs butts? If a cannible was on death row could he ask for the last guy that was electricuted for his last meal? Do Chinese people get English sayings tattooed on their bodies? Do glow-in-the-dark objects stop glowing when somebody turns the lights on? If you died with braces on would they take them off? If someone has their nose pierced, have a cold, and take thier nose ring out. Does snot come out of the piercing hole? How come lemon washing up liquid contains real lemons, but lemon juice contains artificial flavorings. Do you wake up or open your eyes first? Did Noah have woodpeckers on the ark? If he did, where did he keep them? Why are builders afraid to have a 13th floor but book publishers aren't afraid to have a Chapter 11? How do you handcuff a one-armed man? If the FBI breaks your door down do they have to pay for it? In some books, why do they have blank pages at the very end? Why can't donuts be square? Why put a towel in the dirty clothes basket if when you get out of the shower you are clean? What happens to an irrisitable force when it hits an immovable object? If there's a speed of sound and a speed of light is there a speed of smell? Why do overalls have bel loops, since they are held up at the top by the straps? Do people in prison celebrate halloween.... if so how? Do the security guards at airports have to go through airport security when they get to work? Why are all of the Harry Potter spells in Latin if they're English? What do Greeks say when they don't understand something? What happens if a queen gives birth to a pair of siamese twins? Who gets to be king? Do all-boys schools have girls bathrooms? Conversely, do all-girls schools have boys bathrooms? Are children who act in rated 'R' movies allowed to see them? How come cats butts go up when you pet them? What would happen to the sea's water level if every boat in the World was taken out of the water at the same time? How come you never see a billboard being put up by the highway? Do the English people eat English muffins, or are they just called muffins? How much deeper would the ocean be if sponges didn't grow in it? Why do they call it the Department of Interior when they are in charge of everything outdoors? Why does Jello have a smell when you add the powder in the water, but when it "gels" the smell is gone? Why are dogs noses always wet? If a bee is allergic to pollen would it get the hives? Why do people say "heads up" when you should duck? Why is it OK for dudes to slap other dudes' asses in football, but not in any other situation? Why does triangularly cut bread taste better than square bread? If one man says, "it was an uphill battle," and another says, "it went downhill from there," how could they both be having troubles? Why does a round pizza come in a square box? At what point in man's evolution did he start wiping his ass? Do bald people get Dandruff? Why is it that no matter what color bubble bath you use the bubbles are always white? Why do superheros wear their underwear on the outside of their clothes? If you get cheated by the Better Business Bureau, who do you complain to? When sign makers go on strike, is anything written on their signs? Why does someone believe you when you say there are four billion stars, but check when you say the paint is wet? Can you cry under water? Why Does Pluto Live in a dog house, eat dog food, etc. but Goofy, who is also a dog, lives in a condo and drives a car? If you blew a bubble in space would it pop? Are children who use sign language allowed to talk with their mouth full? How come all of the planets are spherical? How did the first women ever to shave their legs know that the skin wouldn't just peel right off? when a pregnant lady has twins, is there 1 or 2 umbilical cords? Why doesn't Winnie the Pooh ever get stung by the bees he messes with? Why do they put holes in crackers? Can you still say "Put it where the sun don't shine " on a nude beach? What do people in China call their good plates? How come toy hippos are always blue, or purple, when real hippos are brown? Why don't woodpeckers get headaches when they slam their head on a tree all day? If someone owns a piece of land, do they own it all the way to the center of the earth? If an escalotor breaks down, does it become stairs? Why do they call him Donkey Kong if he is not a donkey? Why do they say a football team is the 'world champion' when they don't play anybody outside the US? Do stuttering people stutter when they're thinking to themselves? If you put a chameleon in a room full of mirrors, what color would it turn? What are the handles for corn on the cob called? Why do British people never sound British when they sing? Why do we press the start button to turn off the computer? Do your eyes change color when you die? Were Mary and Joseph's surname Christ before Jesus was born? If a bunch of cats jump on top of each other, is it still called a dog pile? Do sheep get static cling when they rub against one another? In libraries, do they put the bible in the fiction or non-fiction section? How old are you before it can be said you died of old age? If K.F.C Stands for Kentucky Fried Chicken, Why do they play sweet home Alabama on the comercials? If people with one arm go to get their nails done, do they pay half price? What type of animal is Snuffaluffagus? If you had a three story house and were in the second floor, isn't it possible that you can be upstairs and downstairs at the same time? Can a hearse carrying a corpse drive in the carpool lane? If a king is gay and marries another guy what is that guy to the royal family? Why do they call it "getting your dog fixed" if afterwards it doesn't work anymore? Does a 'Marks-A-Lot' marker, mark any more than a regular marker? If you really could dig a hole to China, and you did, and you fell in, would you stop in the middle because of gravity? If the funeral procession is at night, do folks drive with their headlights off? What happens when you put a lightsaber in water? On Gilligan's Island, how did Ginger have so many different outfits when they were only going on a 3 hour tour? If I had my legs amputated, would I have to change my height and weight on my driver's license? If nobody buys a ticket to a movie do they still show it? How do you tell when you run out of invisible ink? Do movie producers still say lights, camera, and action when it is a dark scene? What do you call male ballerinas? How does Freddy Kruger wipe his butt? Why people are so scared of mice,which are much smaller than us, when no one seems to be scared of Micky Mouse, who is bigger than us? Why are the numbers on a calculator and a phone reversed? Why are plastic bears the only animal you can get honey from? Why can't you get honey from a plastic bee? Can bald men get lice? When your photo is taken for your driver's license, why do they tell you to smile? If you are stopped by the police and asked for your license, are you going to be smiling? Do butterflies remember life as a caterpillar? If you undergo chemotherapy do you lose your pubic hairs? Why do people constantly return to the refrigerator with hopes that something new to eat will have materialized? Does the postman deliver his own mail? Why does toilet bowl cleaner only come in the color blue? What happens when you put hand sanitizer on a place other then your hand? Why are women and men's shoe sizes different? Can you "stare off into space" when you're in space? Where do people in Hell tell other people to go? Is "vice-versa" to a dyslexic just plain redundant? How come you can kill a deer and put it up on your wall. but it's illegal to keep one as a pet? Why do we say we're head over heels when we're happy? Isn't that the way we normally are? If prunes are dehydrated plums, where does prune juice come from? Is it appropriate to say "good mourning" at a funeral? If there's an exception to every rule, is there an exception to that rule? When you're caught "between a rock and a hard place", is the rock not hard? Was Jesus a virgin when he died? Why is there a light in the fridge and not in the freezer? Doesn't a lightning rod on top of church show a lack of faith? Who coined the phrase, 'coined the phrase?' If there were a thousand seaguls in an airplane while its flying, each weighing two pounds a piece, but they were all flying in the airplane, would the airplane weigh 2000 pounds more? If you soak a raisin in water, does it turn back into a grape? How important does a person have to be before they are considered assassinated instead of just murdered? Why do they call steam rollers, steam rollers? They don't produce, get rid of, or have anythong to do with steam What is another word for "thesaurus"? more

Resolved Question: Some Funny && Crazy Thoughts?

When does it stop being partly cloudy and start being partly sunny? Are eyebrows considered facial hair? If a baby's leg pops out at 11:59PM but his head doesn't come out until 12:01, which day was he born on? In the song Yankee Doodle, is he calling the horse or the feather "macaroni"? Is there a time limit on fortune cookie predictions? Since bread is square, then why is sandwich meat round? Do they have the word "dictionary" in the dictionary? Can you daydream at night? Why is it that on a phone or calculator the number five has a little dot on it? Can crop circles be square? If ghosts can walk through walls and glide down stairs, why don't they fall through the floor? Is it legal to travel down a road in reverse, as long as your following the direction of the traffic? When Atheists go to court, do they have to swear on the bible? Why is vanilla ice cream white when vanilla extract is brown? Can animals commit suicide? What do you do when you see an endangered animal that is eating an endangered plant? If a doctor suddenly had a heart attack while doing surgery, would the other doctors work on the doctor or the patient? How can something be "new" and "improved"? if it's new, what was it improving on? Why aren't drapes double sided so it looks nice on the inside and outside of your home? When two people marry, they say, "you may kiss the bride". What do they say if two MEN get married? Why is it that when we "skate on thin ice", we can "get in hot water"? Why do people say beans beans the magical fruit when beans are vegetables? If laughter is the best medicine, who's the idiot who said they 'died laughing'? If money doesn't grow on trees then why do banks have branches? Why are the little styrofoam pieces called peanuts? Why does the Easter bunny carry eggs? Rabbits don't lay eggs. Do siamese twins pay for one ticket or two tickets when they go to movies and concerts? Why are they called 'Jolly Ranchers'? Who said that the ranchers were jolly? Why does caregiver and caretaker mean the same thing? Can a short person "talk down" to a taller person? If a bald person works as a chef at a restaurant, do they have to wear a hairnet? If milk goes bad if not refrigerated, does it go bad if the cow isnt refrigerated? How fast do hotcakes sell? Do prison buses have emergency exits? Do astronauts change their clocks when they move over different time zones in space? Can a black person join the kkk? When lightning strikes the ocean why don't all the fish die? When there's two men who "get married", do they both go to the same bachelor party? If a guy that was about to die in the electric chair had a heart attack should they save him? Why are there interstate highways in Hawaii? Do Jewish vampires avoid crosses or Stars of David? If London Bridge is standing why is there a song about it falling down? Why is it that before 9/11 they always showed the emergency broadcast system test, and on 9/11 they never used it? If a nursing mother had her nipples pierced would the milk come out of all three holes? Who was Sadie Hawkins? If a stripper gets breast implants can she write it off on her taxes as a business expense? Why do we sing "Rock a bye baby" to lull a baby to sleep when the song is about putting your baby in a tree and letting the wind crash the cradle on the ground? If parents say, "Never take candy from strangers" then why do we celebrate Halloween? Do the minutes on the movie boxes include the previews, credits, and special features, or just the movie itself? Is there ever a day that mattresses are not on sale? What does PU stand for (as in "PU, that stinks!")? Why do we put suits in a garment bag and put garments in a suitcase? Can cannibals be arrested for being under the influence of alcohol (e.g. drunk-driving) if they have eaten someone who was drunk? What is the stage of a reptile when it has eggs in it but they haven't been laid. Are they pregnant? If Mars had earthquakes would they be called marsquakes? Why do people never say "it's only a game" when they're winning? If an ambulance is on its way to save someone, and it runs someone over, does it stop to help them? Why is it called a funny bone, when if you hit it, it's not funny at all? Do you yawn in your sleep? Why do dogs like the smell of other dogs butts? If a cannible was on death row could he ask for the last guy that was electricuted for his last meal? Do Chinese people get English sayings tattooed on their bodies? Do glow-in-the-dark objects stop glowing when somebody turns the lights on? If you died with braces on would they take them off? If someone has their nose pierced, have a cold, and take thier nose ring out. Does snot come out of the piercing hole? How come lemon washing up liquid contains real lemons, but lemon juice contains artificial flavorings. Do you wake up or open your eyes first? Did Noah have woodpeckers on the ark? If he did, where did he keep them? Why are builders afraid to have a 13th floor but book publishers aren't afraid to have a Chapter 11? How do you handcuff a one-armed man? If the FBI breaks your door down do they have to pay for it? In some books, why do they have blank pages at the very end? Why can't donuts be square? Why put a towel in the dirty clothes basket if when you get out of the shower you are clean? What happens to an irrisitable force when it hits an immovable object? If there's a speed of sound and a speed of light is there a speed of smell? Why do overalls have bel loops, since they are held up at the top by the straps? Do people in prison celebrate halloween.... if so how? Do the security guards at airports have to go through airport security when they get to work? Why are all of the Harry Potter spells in Latin if they're English? What do Greeks say when they don't understand something? What happens if a queen gives birth to a pair of siamese twins? Who gets to be king? Do all-boys schools have girls bathrooms? Conversely, do all-girls schools have boys bathrooms? Are children who act in rated 'R' movies allowed to see them? How come cats butts go up when you pet them? What would happen to the sea's water level if every boat in the World was taken out of the water at the same time? How come you never see a billboard being put up by the highway? Do the English people eat English muffins, or are they just called muffins? How much deeper would the ocean be if sponges didn't grow in it? Why do they call it the Department of Interior when they are in charge of everything outdoors? Why does Jello have a smell when you add the powder in the water, but when it "gels" the smell is gone? Why are dogs noses always wet? If a bee is allergic to pollen would it get the hives? Why do people say "heads up" when you should duck? Why is it OK for dudes to slap other dudes' asses in football, but not in any other situation? Why does triangularly cut bread taste better than square bread? If one man says, "it was an uphill battle," and another says, "it went downhill from there," how could they both be having troubles? Why does a round pizza come in a square box? At what point in man's evolution did he start wiping his ***? Do bald people get Dandruff? Why is it that no matter what color bubble bath you use the bubbles are always white? Why do superheros wear their underwear on the outside of their clothes? If you get cheated by the Better Business Bureau, who do you complain to? When sign makers go on strike, is anything written on their signs? Why does someone believe you when you say there are four billion stars, but check when you say the paint is wet? Can you cry under water? Why Does Pluto Live in a dog house, eat dog food, etc. but Goofy, who is also a dog, lives in a condo and drives a car? If you blew a bubble in space would it pop? Are children who use sign language allowed to talk with their mouth full? How come all of the planets are spherical? How did the first women ever to shave their legs know that the skin wouldn't just peel right off? when a pregnant lady has twins, is there 1 or 2 umbilical cords? Why doesn't Winnie the Pooh ever get stung by the bees he messes with? Why do they put holes in crackers? Can you still say "Put it where the sun don't shine " on a nude beach? What do people in China call their good plates? How come toy hippos are always blue, or purple, when real hippos are brown? Why don't woodpeckers get headaches when they slam their head on a tree all day? If someone owns a piece of land, do they own it all the way to the center of the earth? If an escalotor breaks down, does it become stairs? Why do they call him Donkey Kong if he is not a donkey? Why do they say a football team is the 'world champion' when they don't play anybody outside the US? Do stuttering people stutter when they're thinking to themselves? If you put a chameleon in a room full of mirrors, what color would it turn? What are the handles for corn on the cob called? Why do British people never sound British when they sing? Why do we press the start button to turn off the computer? Do your eyes change color when you die? Were Mary and Joseph's surname Christ before Jesus was born? If a bunch of cats jump on top of each other, is it still called a dog pile? Do sheep get static cling when they rub against one another? In libraries, do they put the bible in the fiction or non-fiction section? How old are you before it can be said you died of old age? If K.F.C Stands for Kentucky Fried Chicken, Why do they play sweet home Alabama on the comercials? If people with one arm go to get their nails done, do they pay half price? What type of animal is Snuffaluffagus? If you had a three story house and were in the second floor, isn't it possible that you can be upstairs and downstairs at the same time? Can a hearse carrying a corpse drive in the carpool lane? If a king is gay and marries another guy what is that guy to the royal family? Why do they call it "getting your dog fixed" if afterwards it doesn't work anymore? Does a 'Marks-A-Lot' marker, mark any more than a regular marker? If you really could dig a hole to China, and you did, and you fell in, would you stop in the middle because of gravity? If the funeral procession is at night, do folks drive with their headlights off? What happens when you put a lightsaber in water? On Gilligan's Island, how did Ginger have so many different outfits when they were only going on a 3 hour tour? If I had my legs amputated, would I have to change my height and weight on my driver's license? If nobody buys a ticket to a movie do they still show it? How do you tell when you run out of invisible ink? Do movie producers still say lights, camera, and action when it is a dark scene? What do you call male ballerinas? How does Freddy Kruger wipe his butt? Why people are so scared of mice,which are much smaller than us, when no one seems to be scared of Micky Mouse, who is bigger than us? Why are the numbers on a calculator and a phone reversed? Why are plastic bears the only animal you can get honey from? Why can't you get honey from a plastic bee? Can bald men get lice? When your photo is taken for your driver's license, why do they tell you to smile? If you are stopped by the police and asked for your license, are you going to be smiling? Do butterflies remember life as a caterpillar? If you undergo chemotherapy do you lose your pubic hairs? Why do people constantly return to the refrigerator with hopes that something new to eat will have materialized? Does the postman deliver his own mail? Why does toilet bowl cleaner only come in the color blue? What happens when you put hand sanitizer on a place other then your hand? Why are women and men's shoe sizes different? Can you "stare off into space" when you're in space? Where do people in Hell tell other people to go? Is "vice-versa" to a dyslexic just plain redundant? How come you can kill a deer and put it up on your wall. but it's illegal to keep one as a pet? Why do we say we're head over heels when we're happy? Isn't that the way we normally are? If prunes are dehydrated plums, where does prune juice come from? Is it appropriate to say "good mourning" at a funeral? If there's an exception to every rule, is there an exception to that rule? When you're caught "between a rock and a hard place", is the rock not hard? Was Jesus a virgin when he died? Why is there a light in the fridge and not in the freezer? Doesn't a lightning rod on top of church show a lack of faith? Who coined the phrase, 'coined the phrase?' If there were a thousand seaguls in an airplane while its flying, each weighing two pounds a piece, but they were all flying in the airplane, would the airplane weigh 2000 pounds more? If you soak a raisin in water, does it turn back into a grape? How important does a person have to be before they are considered assassinated instead of just murdered? Why do they call steam rollers, steam rollers? They don't produce, get rid of, or have anythong to do with steam What is another word for "thesaurus"? more

Resolved Question: Some Questions ;P ?

Resolved Question: FACTS U WILL Be AMAZED?

1. Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain) was born on and died on days when Halley's Comet can be seen. During his life he predicted that he would die when it could be seen. 2. US Dollar bills are made out of cotton and linen. 3. The "57" on the Heinz ketchup bottle represents the number of pickle types the company once had. 4. Americans are responsible for about 1/5 of the world's garbage annually. On average, that's 3 pounds a day per person. 5. Giraffes and rats can last longer without water than camels. 6. Your stomach produces a new layer of mucus every two weeks so that it doesn't digest itself. 7. 98% of all murders and rapes are by a close family member or friend of the victim. 8. A B-25 bomber crashed into the 79th floor of the Empire State Building on July 28, 1945. 9. The Declaration of Independence was written on hemp (marijuana) paper. 10. The dot over the letter "i" is called a tittle. 11. A raisin dropped in a glass of fresh champagne will bounce up and down continuously from the bottom of the glass to the top. 12. Benjamin Franklin was the fifth in a series of the youngest son of the youngest son. 13. Triskaidekaphobia means fear of the number 13. Paraskevidekatriaphobia means fear of Friday the 13th (which occurs one to three times a year). In Italy, 17 is considered an unlucky number. In Japan, 4 is considered an unlucky number. 14. A female ferret will die if it goes into heat and cannot find a mate. 15. All the chemicals in a human body combined are worth about 6.25 euro (if sold separately). 16. In ancient Rome, when a man testified in court he would swear on his testicles. 17. The ZIP in "ZIP code" means Zoning Improvement Plan. 18. Coca-Cola contained Coca (whose active ingredient is cocaine) from 1885 to 1903. 19. A "2 by 4" is really 1 1/2 by 3 1/2. 20. It's estimated that at any one time around 0.7% of the world's population is drunk. 21. Each king in a deck of playing cards represents a great king from history: Spades = David ; Clubs = Alexander the Great ; Hearts = Charlemagne ; Diamonds = Caesar 22. 40% of McDonald's profits come from the sales of Happy Meals. 23. Every person, including identical twins, has a unique eye and tongue print along with their finger print. 24. The "spot" on the 7-Up logo comes from its inventor who had red eyes. He was an albino. 25. 315 entries in Webster's 1996 dictionary were misspelled. 26. The "save" icon in Microsoft Office programs shows a floppy disk with the shutter on backwards. 27. Albert Einstein and Charles Darwin both married their first cousins (Elsa Löwenthal and Emma Wedgewood respectively). 28. Camel's have three eyelids. 29. On average, 12 newborns will be given to the wrong parents every day. 30. John Wilkes Booth's brother once saved the life of Abraham Lincoln's son. 31. Warren Beatty and Shirley McLaine are brother and sister. 32. Chocolate can kill dogs; it directly affects their heart and nervous system. 33. Daniel Boone hated coonskin caps. 34. Playing cards were issued to British pilots in WWII. If captured, they could be soaked in water and unfolded to reveal a map for escape. 35. 55.1% of all US prisoners are in prison for drug offenses. 36. Most lipstick contains fish scales. 37. Orcas (killer whales) kill sharks by torpedoing up into the shark's stomach from underneath, causing the shark to explode. 38. Dr. Seuss pronounced his name "soyce". 39. Slugs have four noses. 40. Ketchup was sold in the 1830s as medicine. 41. The Three Wise Monkeys have names: Mizaru (See no evil), Mikazaru (Hear no evil), and Mazaru (Speak no evil). 42. India has a Bill of Rights for cows. 43. If you sneeze too hard, you can fracture a rib. If you try to suppress a sneeze, you can rupture a blood vessel in your head or neck and die. If you keep your eyes open by force, they can pop out. (DON'T TRY IT, DUMBASS) 44. During the California gold rush of 1849, miners sent their laundry to Honolulu for washing and pressing. Due to the extremely high costs in California during these boom years, it was deemed more feasible to send their shirts to Hawaii for servicing. 45. American Airlines saved $40,000 in 1987 by taking out an olive from First Class salads. 46. About 200,000,000 M&Ms are sold each day in the United States. 47. Because metal was scarce, the Oscars given out during World War II were made of wood. 48. Over a course of about eleven years, the sun's magnetic poles switch places. This cycle is called "Solarmax". 49. There are 318,979,564,000 possible combinations of the first four moves in Chess. 50. Upper and lower case letters are named "upper" and "lower" because in the time when all original print had to be set in individual letters, the upper case letters were stored in the case on top of the case that stored the lower case letters. 51. There are no clocks in Las Vegas gambling casinos. 52. The numbers "172" can be found on the back of the US 5 dollar bill, in the bushes at the base of the Lincoln Memorial. 53. Coconuts kill about 150 people each year. That's more than sharks. 54. Half of all bank robberies take place on a Friday. 55. The name Wendy was made up for the book Peter Pan. There was never a recorded Wendy before it. 56. The international telephone dialing code for Antarctica is 672. 57. The first bomb the Allies dropped on Berlin in WWII killed the only elephant in the Berlin Zoo. 58. The average raindrop falls at 7 miles per hour. 59. It took Leonardo Da Vinci 10 years to paint Mona Lisa. He never signed or dated the painting. Leonardo and Mona had identical bone structures according to the painting. X-ray images have shown that there are 3 other versions under the original. 60. If you put a drop of liquor on a scorpion, it will instantly go mad and sting itself to death. 61. Bruce Lee was so fast that they had to slow the film down so you could see his moves. 62. The largest amount of money you can have without having change for a dollar is $1.19 (3 quarters, 4 dimes, and 4 pennies cannot be divided into a dollar). 63. The first CD pressed in the US was Bruce Springsteen's "Born in the USA". 64. IBM's motto is "Think". Apple later made their motto "Think different". 65. The mask used by Michael Myers in the original "Halloween" was actually a Captain Kirk mask painted white, due to low budget. 66. The original name for butterfly was flutterby. 67. The phrase "rule of thumb" is derived from an old English law, which stated that you couldn't beat your wife with anything wider than your thumb. 68. One in fourteen women in America is a natural blonde. Only one in sixteen men is. 69. The Olympic was the sister ship of the Titanic, and she provided twenty-five years of service. 70. When the Titanic sank, 2228 people were on it. Only 706 survived. 71. In America, someone is diagnosed with AIDS every 10 minutes. In South Africa, someone dies due to HIV or AIDS every 10 minutes. 72. Every day, 7% of the US eats at McDonald's. 73. The first product Motorola started to develop was a record player for automobiles. At that time, the most known player on the market was Victrola, which Motorola got their name from. 74. In the US, about 127 million adults are overweight or obese; worldwide, 750 million are overweight and 300 million more are obese. In the US, 15% of children in elementary school are overweight; 20% are worldwide. 75. In Disney's Fantasia, the Sorcerer to whom Mickey played an apprentice was named Yensid (Disney spelled backward). 76. During his entire life, Vincent Van Gogh sold exactly one painting, "Red Vineyard at Arles". 77. By raising your legs slowly and lying on your back, you cannot sink into quicksand. 78. One in ten people live on an island. 79. It takes more calories to eat a piece of celery than the celery has in it to begin with. 80. 28% of Africa is classified as wilderness. In North America, its 38%. 81. Charlie Chaplin once won third prize in a Charlie Chaplin look-alike contest. 82. Chewing gum while peeling onions will keep you from crying. 83. Sherlock Holmes NEVER said "Elementary, my dear Watson", Humphrey Bogart NEVER said "Play it again, Sam" in Casablanca, and they NEVER said "Beam me up, Scotty" on Star Trek. 84. An old law in Bellingham, Washington, made it illegal for a woman to take more than 3 steps backwards while dancing. 85. Sharon Stone was the first Star Search spokes model. 86. The sound you here when you put a seashell next to your ear is not the ocean, but blood flowing through your head. 87. More people are afraid of open spaces (kenophobia) than of tight spaces (claustrophobia). 88. The glue on Israeli postage is certified kosher. 89. There is a 1 in 4 chance that New York will have a white Christmas. 90. The Guinness Book of Records holds the record for being the book most often stolen from Public Libraries. 91. Thirty-five percent of the people who use personal ads for dating are already married. 92. Back in the mid to late '80s, an IBM compatible computer wasn't considered 100% compatible unless it could run Microsoft's Flight Simulator. 93. $203,000,000 is spent on barbed wire each year in the U.S. 94. Every US president has worn glasses (just not always in public). 95. Bats always turn left when exiting a cave. 96. Jim Henson first coined the word "Muppet". It is a combination of "marionette" and "puppet." 97. The names of all the continents end with the same letter that they start with (not counting the words "North" and "South). 98. The Michelin man is known as Mr. Bib. His name was Bibendum in the company's first ads in 1896. 99. About 20% of bird species have become extinct in the past 200 years, almost all of them because of human activity. 100. The word "lethologica" describes the state of not being able to remember the word you want. 101. About 14% of injecting drug users are HIV positive. 102. A word or sentence that is the same front and back (racecar, kayak) is called a "palindrome". 103. A snail can sleep for 3 years. 104. People photocopying their buttocks are the cause of 23% of all photocopier faults worldwide. 105. China has more English speakers than the United States. 106. Finnish folklore says that when Santa comes to Finland to deliver gifts, he leaves his sleigh behind and rides on a goat named Ukko instead. According to French tradition, Santa Claus has a brother named Bells Nichols, who visits homes on New Year's Eve after everyone is asleep, and if a plate is set out for him, he fills it with cookies and cakes. 107. One in every 9000 people is an albino. 108. The electric chair was invented by a dentist. 109. You share your birthday with at least 9 million other people in the world. 110. Everyday, more money is printed for Monopoly sets than for the U.S. Treasury. 111. Every year 4 people in the UK die putting their trousers on. 112. Cats have over one hundred vocal sounds; dogs only have about ten. 113. Our eyes are always the same size from birth but our nose and ears never stop growing. 114. In every episode of "Seinfeld" there is a Superman picture or reference somewhere. 115. If Barbie were life-size her measurements would be 39-23-33. She would stand seven feet two inches tall and have a neck twice the length of a normal human's neck. 116. Rats multiply so quickly that in 18 months, two rats could have over million descendants. 117. Wearing headphones for just an hour will increase the bacteria in your ear by 700 times. 118. Each year in America there are about 300,000 deaths that can be attributed to obesity. 119. About 55% of all movies are rated R. 120. About 500 movies are made in the US and 800 in India annually. 121. Arabic numerals are not really Arabic; they were created in India. 122. Title 14, Section 1211 of the Code of Federal Regulations (implemented on July 16, 1969) makes it illegal for U.S. citizens to have any contact with extraterrestrials or their vehicles. 123. The February of 1865 is the only month in recorded history not to have a full moon. 124. The Pentagon in Arlington Virginia has twice as many bathrooms as is necessary. When it was built in the 1940s the state of Virginia still had segregation laws requiring separate toilet facilities for blacks and whites. 125. There is actually no danger in swimming right after you eat, though it may feel uncomfortable. 126. The cruise liner Queen Elizabeth II moves only six inches for each gallon of diesel that it burns. 127. More than 50% of the people in the world have never made or received a telephone call. 128. A shark is the only fish that can blink with both eyes. 129. There are about 2 chickens for every human in the world. 130. The word "maverick" came into use after Samuel Maverick, a Texan refused to brand his cattle. Eventually any unbranded calf became known as a Maverick. 131. Two-thirds of the world's eggplant is grown in New Jersey. 132. For every memorial statue with a person on a horse, if the horse has both front legs in the air, the person died in battle; if the horse has one front leg in the air, the person died of battle wounds; if all four of the horse's legs are on the ground, the person died of natural causes. 133. On a Canadian two-dollar bill, the American flag is flying over the Parliament Building. 134. An American urologist bought Napoleon's penis for $40,000. 135. No word in the English language rhymes with month, orange, silver, or purple. 136. Dreamt is the only English word that ends in the letters "MT". 137. $283,200 is the absolute highest amount of money you can win on Jeopardy. 138. Almonds are members of the peach family. 139. Rats and horses can't vomit. 140. The penguin is the only bird that can't fly but can swim. 141. There are approximately 100 million acts of sexual intercourse each day. 142. Winston Churchill was born in a ladies room during a dance. 143. Maine is the only state whose name is just one syllable. 144. There are only four words in the English language that end in "-dous": tremendous, horrendous, stupendous, and hazardous. 145. Americans on average eat 18 acres of pizza every day. 146. Every time you lick a stamp you consume 1/10 of a calorie. 147. "101 Dalmatians" and "Peter Pan" are the only Disney animations in which both of a character's parents are present and don't die during the movie. 148. You are more likely to be killed by a champagne cork than by a poisonous spider. 149. Hedenophobic means fear of pleasure. 150. Ancient Egyptian priests would pluck every hair from their bodies. 151. A crocodile cannot stick its tongue out. 152. Half of all crimes are committed by people under the age of 18. 80% of burglaries are committed by people aged 13-21. 153. An ant always falls over on its right side when intoxicated. 154. All polar bears are left-handed. 155. The catfish has over 27000 taste buds (more than any other animal) 156. A cockroach will live nine days without its head before it starves to death. 157. Butterflies taste with their feet. 158. Elephants are the only mammals that cannot jump. 159. An ostrich's eye is bigger than its brain. 160. Starfish have no brains. 161. 11% of the world is left-handed. 162. John Hancock and Charles Thomson were the only people to sign the Declaration of independence on July 4th, 1776. The last signature came five years later. 163. Rubber bands last longer when refrigerated. 164. Peanuts are one of the ingredients of dynamite. 165. The national anthem of Greece has 158 verses. 166. There are 293 ways to make change for a dollar. 167. A healthy (non-colorblind) human eye can distinguish between 500 shades of gray. 168. A pregnant goldfish is called a twit. 169. Lizards can self-amputate their tails for protection. It grows back after a few months. 170. Los Angeles' full name is "El Pueblo de Nuestra Senora la Reina de los Angeles de Porciuncula". It can be abbreviated to 3.63% of its size: L.A. 171. A cat has 32 muscles in each ear. 172. A honeybee can fly at fifteen miles per hour. 173. Tigers have striped skin, not just striped fur. 174. A "jiffy" is the scientific name for 1/100th of a second. 175. The average child recognizes over 200 company logos by the time he enters first grade. 176. The youngest pope ever was 11 years old. 177. The first novel ever written on a typewriter is Tom Sawyer. 178. One out of every 43 prisoners escapes from jail. 94% are recaptured. 179. The cigarette lighter was invented before the match. 180. The average chocolate bar has 8 insects' legs melted into it. 181. A rhinoceros horn is made of compacted hair. 182. The shortest war in history was between Zanzibar and England in 1896. Zanzibar surrendered after 38 minutes. 183. Elwood Edwards did the voice for the AOL sound files (i.e. "You've got Mail!"). He is heard about 27 million times a day. The recordings were done before Quantum changed its name to AOL and the program was known as "Q-Link." 184. A polar bears skin is black. Its fur is actually clear, but like snow it appears white. 185. Elvis had a twin brother named Garon, who died at birth, which is why Elvis middle name was spelled Aron, in honor of his brother. 186. Dueling is legal in Paraguay as long as both parties are registered blood donors. 187. Donkeys kill more people than plane crashes. 188. Shakespeare invented the words "assassination" and "bump." 189. There are a million ants for every person on Earth. 190. If you keep a goldfish in the dark room, it will eventually turn white. 191. Women blink nearly twice as much as men. 192. The name Jeep comes from "GP", the army abbreviation for General Purpose. 193. Right handed people live, on average, nine years longer than left handed people do. 194. There are two credit cards for every person in the United States. 195. Cats' urine glows under a black light. 196. A "quidnunc" is a person who is eager to know the latest news and gossip. 197. The first US Patent was for manufacturing potassium carbonate (used in glass and gunpowder). It was issued to Samuel Hopkins on July 31, 1970. 198. Leonardo Da Vinci invented the scissors, the helicopter, and many other present day items. 199. In the last 4000 years no new animals have been domesticated. 200. 25% of a human's bones are in its feet. 201. David Sarnoff received the Titanic's distress signal and saved hundreds of passengers. He later became the head of the first radio network, the National Broadcasting Company (NBC). 202. On average, 100 people choke to death on ballpoint pens every year. 203. Michael Jordan makes more money from Nike annually than every Nike factory worker in Malaysia combined. 204. One of the reasons marijuana is illegal today is because cotton growers in the '30s lobbied against hemp farmers (they saw it as competition). 205. "Canada" is an Indian word meaning "Big Village". 206. Only one in two billion people will live to be 116 or older. 207. If you yelled for 8 years 7 months and 6 days, you would have produced enough sound energy to heat one cup of coffee. If you fart consistently for 6 years and 9 months, enough gas is produced to create the energy of an atomic bomb. 208. Rape is reported every six minutes in the U.S. 209. The human heart creates enough pressure in the bloodstream to squirt blood 30 feet. 210. A jellyfish is 95% water. 211. Truck driving is the most dangerous occupation by accidental deaths (799 in 2001). 212. Banging your head against a wall uses 150 calories an hour. 213. Elephants only sleep for two hours each day. 214. On average people fear spiders more than they do death. 215. The strongest muscle in the human body is the tongue. (the heart is not a muscle) 216. In golf, a 'Bo Derek' is a score of 10. 217. In the U.S, Frisbees outsell footballs, baseballs and basketballs combined. 218. In most watch advertisements the time displayed on a watch is 10:10. 219. If you plant an apple seed, it is almost guaranteed to grow a tree of a different type of apple. 220. Al Capone's business card said he was a used furniture dealer. 221. The only real person to be a PEZ head was Betsy Ross. 222. There are about 450 types of cheese in the world. 240 come from France. 223. When the University of Nebraska Cornhuskers plays football at home the stadium becomes Nebraska's third largest city. 224. The characters Bert and Ernie on Sesame Street were named after Bert the cop and Ernie the taxi driver in Frank Capra's "It's a Wonderful Life". 225. A dragonfly has a lifespan of 24 hours. 226. In Iceland, a Big Mac costs $5.50. 227. Broccoli and cauliflower are the only vegetables that are flowers. 228. Newborn babies have about 350 bones. They gradually merge and disappear until there are about 206 by age 5. 229. There is no solid proof of who built the Taj Mahal. 230. In a survey of 200000 ostriches over 80 years, not one tried to bury its head in the sand. 231. A dime has 118 ridges around the edge. A quarter has 119. 232. On an American one-dollar bill there is a tiny owl in the upper-left-hand corner of the upper-right-hand "1" and a spider hidden in the front upper-right-hand corner. 233. Judy Scheindlin ("Judge Judy") has a $25,000,000 salary, while Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsberg has a $190,100 salary. 234. The name for Oz in the Wizard of Oz was thought up when the creator Frank Baum looked at his filing cabinet and saw A-N and O-Z. 235. Andorra, a tiny country on the border between France and Spain, has the longest average lifespan: 83.49 years. 236. The microwave was invented after a researcher walked by a radar tube and a chocolate bar melted in his pocket. 237. Mr. Rogers was an ordained Presbyterian minister. 238. In America you will see an average of 500 advertisements a day. 239. John Lennon's first girlfriend was named Thelma Pickles. 240. You can lead a cow upstairs but not downstairs. 241. The average person falls asleep in seven minutes. 242. "The sixth sick sheik's sixth sheep's sick" is said to be the toughest tongue twister in English. 243. There are 336 dimples on a regulation US golf ball. In the UK its 330. 244. The Toltecs (a 7th century tribe) used wooden swords so they wouldn't kill their enemies. 245. "Duff" is the decaying organic matter found on a forest floor. 246. The US has more personal computers than the next 7 countries combined. 247. There have been over 600 lawsuits against Alexander Grahm Bell over rights to the patent of the telephone, the most valuable patent in U.S. history. 248. Kuwait is about 60% male (highest in the world). Latvia is about 54% female (highest in the world). 249. The Hawaiian alphabet has only 12 letters. 250. In 10 minutes, a hurricane releases more energy than all the world's nuclear weapons combined. 251. At the height of its power in 400 BC, the Greek city of Sparta had 25,000 citizens and 500,000 slaves. 252. Julius Caesar's autograph is worth about $2,000,000. 253. The tool doctors wrap around a patient's arm to measure blood pressure is called a sphygmomanometer. 254. People say "bless you" when you sneeze because your heart stops for a millisecond. 255. US gold coins used to say "In Gold We Trust". 256. In "Silence of the Lambs", Hannibal Lector (Anthony Hopkins) never blinks. 257. A shrimp's heart is in its head. 258. In the 17th century, the value of pi was known to 35 decimal places. Today, to 1.2411 trillion. 259. The bestselling books of all time are The Bible (6billion+), Quotations from the Works of Mao Tse-tung (900million+), and The Lord of the Rings (100million+) 260. Pearls melt in vinegar. 261. "Lassie" was played by a group of male dogs; the main one was named Pal. 262. In 1863, Paul Hubert of Bordeaux, France, was sentenced to life in jail for murder. After 21 years, it was discovered that he was convicted of murdering himself. 263. Nepal is the only country that doesn't have a rectangular flag. Switzerland is the only country with a square flag. 264. Gabriel, Michael, and Lucifer are the only angels named in the Bible. 265. Tiger Woods' real first name is Eldrick. His father gave him the nickname "Tiger" in honor of a South Vietnamese soldier his father had fought alongside with during the Vietnam War. 266. Johnny Appleseed planted apples so that people could use apple cider to make alcohol. 267. Abraham Lincoln's ghost is said to haunt the White House. 268. God is not mentioned once in the book of Esther. 269. The odds of being born male are about 51.2%, according to census. 270. Scotland has more redheads than any other part of the world. 271. There is an average of 61,000 people airborne over the US at any given moment. 272. Prince Charles and Prince William never travel on the same airplane in case there is a crash. 273. The most popular first name in the world is Muhammad. The most common name (of any type) in the world is Mohammed. 274. The surface of the Earth is about 60% water and 10% ice. 275. For every 230 cars that are made, 1 will be stolen. 276. Jimmy Carter was the first U.S. President to be born in a hospital. 277. Lightning strikes the earth about 8 million times a day. 278. Around 2,000 left-handed people die annually due to improper use of equipment designed only for right handed people. 279. The "if" and "then" parts of conditional ("if P then Q") statement are called the protasis (P) and apodosis (Q). 280. Humans use a total of 72 different muscles in speech. 281. If you feed a seagull Alka-Seltzer, its stomach will explode. 282. Only female mosquitoes bite. 283. The U.S. Post Office handles 43 percent of the world's mail. 284. Most household dust is made of dead skin cells. 285. One in about eight million people has progeria, a disease that causes people to grow faster than they age. 286. The male seahorse carries the eggs until they hatch instead of the female. 287. The "countdown" (counting down from 10 for an event such as New-Years Day) was first used in a 1929 German silent film called "Die Frau Im Monde" (The Girl in the Moon). 288. Negative emotions such as anxiety and depression can weaken your immune system. 289. There are seven suicides in the Bible: Abimelech. Samson, Saul, Saul's armor-bearer, Ahithophel, Zimri, Judas. 290. A mongoose is not a goose but more like a meercat, which is not a cat but more like a prairie dog, which is not a dog but more like a ground squirrel. 291. Stephen Hawking was born exactly 300 years after Galileo died. 292. Mercury is the only planet whose orbit is coplanar with its equator. Venus and Uranus are the only planets that rotate opposite to the direction of their orbit. 293. John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, and James Monroe died on July 4th. Adams and Jefferson died in the same year. Supposedly, Adams last words were "Thomas Jefferson survives." 294. The Baby Ruth candy bar was named after Grover Cleveland's baby daughter, Ruth, not Babe Ruth the baseball player. 295. Dolphins can look in different directions with each eye. They can sleep with one eye open. 296. The Falkland Isles (pop. about 2000) has over 700000 sheep (350 per person). 297. There are 41,806 different spoken languages in the world today. 298. While many treaties have been signed at or near Paris, France (including many after WWI and WWII), nine are actually known as the "Treaty of Paris": Seven Years' War (1763), American Revolutionary War (1783), French-Swede War (1810), France vs Sixth Coalition (1814), Battle of Waterloo (1815), Crimean War (1856), Spanish-American War (1898), union of Bessarabia and Romania (1920), establishment of European Coal and Steel Community (1951). 299. Robert Todd Lincoln (Abraham Lincoln's oldest son) was in Washington DC during his father's assassination as well as during President Garfield's assassination, and he was in Buffalo NY when President McKinley was assassinated. 300. The city of Venice stands on about 120 small islands. 301. The past-tense of the English word "dare" is "durst". 302. Don Mac Lean's song "American Pie" was written about Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens and J.P. Richardson (The Big Bopper), who all died in the same plane crash. 303. The drummer for ZZ Top (the only one without a beard) is named Frank Beard. 304. Hummingbirds can't walk. 305. When movie directors do not want their names to be seen in the credits, they use the pseudonym "Allen Smithee" instead. It has been used over 50 times, starting with "Death of a Gunfighter" (1969). 306. Four different people played the part of Darth Vader (body, face, voice, and breathing). 307. Pamela Lee-Anderson was the first to be born in Canada on the centennial anniversary of Canada's independence (7/1/1967). 308. There is about 200 times more gold in the oceans than has been mined throughout history. 309. William Shatner is credited for being the first person on TV to say "hell" as well as to have the first inter-racial kiss (with Nichelle Nichols), both in episodes of Star Trek. 310. While the US government's supply of gold is kept at Fort Knox, its supply of silver is kept at the Military Academy at West Point, NY. 311. Alexander Graham Bell's wife and mother were both deaf. 312. Compact discs read from the inside to the outside edge, the reverse of how a record works. 313. In the ancient Greek city-state of Sparta, if a man was not married by age 30, he would not be allowed to vote or watch athletic events involving nude young men. 314. Attila the Hun (invader of Europe; 406-453), Felix Faure (French President; 1841-1899), Pope Leo VII (936-939), Pope John VII (955-964), Pope Leo VIII (963-965), Pope John XIII (965-72), Pope Paul II (1467-1471), Lord Palmerston (British Prime Minister, 1784-1865), Nelson Rockefeller (US Vice President, 1908-1979), and John Entwistle (The Who's bassist, 1944-2002) all died while having sex. 315. Humans and dolphins are the only animals known to have sex for pleasure. 316. Pac-Man, Namco's 1979 arcade game, was originally called "Puck Man". The name was changed when they realized that vandals could easily scratch out part of the letter "P". 317. Shakespeare and Cervantes died on the same day, April 23, 1616. 318. There are about 7.7 million millionaires in the world (more than 1/1000th of the population). 319. The youngest mother on record was a Peruvian girl named Lina Medina. She gave birth to a boy by caesarean section on May 14, 1939 (which happened to be Mother's Day), at the age of five years, seven months and 21 days. 320. The "middle finger" gesture originates back to 423 BC in Aristophanes play "The Clouds". more

Resolved Question: would you like to check out these 320 useless facts?

Resolved Question: Wanna know 320 usless facts that you dont know and will never use!!?

Resolved Question: Who has heard of DownsizeDC? I think this is a good idea, what about you?

"George W. Bush brought death and chaos to Iraq on the basis of lies. Now, as he staggers through the last months of his failed presidency, he is trying one more bit of trickery — forcing the Nuri Al-Maliki government to legitimize a long-term military occupation of Iraq in a treaty, which will make that sovereign country an American colony." -- from an editorial in the "Arab News," June 8, 2008 Subject: A Golden Rule Foreign Policy We advocate a "Golden Rule" foreign policy. We want our government to treat other people as we would want to be treated. Our politicians have not done this. Instead, they've used wrongs committed by others to justify wrongs of their own. It doesn't matter that our government's policies may have done some good, or that our politicians may have intended to do only good. What matters is that they've done too many things to other people that those people didn't want. The above quote of the day reflects widespread Arab and Muslim reaction to the Bush administration's proposed "treaty of permanent occupation" with Iraq. We believe the Golden Rule requires us to give these reactions respectful consideration. Would we accept what we're asking the Iraqi people to accept? The proposed treaty requires that Iraq . . . Allow the U.S. to build 58 permanent military bases on their soil Grant U.S. control of Iraqi airspace up to 30,000 feet Establish immunity from prosecution for U.S. troops and contractors Permit the U.S. to determine when Iraq is at war with another country (Iran for instance) Agree to a two year notice to cancel the treaty Please notice that President Bush wants to impose his preferred policy on the next president. He also asserts that his "agreement" with Iraq will be an "executive accord," NOT subject to ratification by the Senate. The President's policy is unconstitutional. It violates the Golden Rule. It's also dangerous -- to YOU. These treaty proposals, coming in the wake of everything else our government has done -- invasions, renditions, torture, lack of due process -- massively increase the danger of blowback against the American people. We believe it's time to downsize the President's reckless and overreaching foreign policy. But how? DownsizeDC.org tries to provide you with levers -- simple ideas that would do a lot with a little. Our "Read the Bills Act," the "One Subject at a Time," and the "Write the Laws Act," are examples of this approach. We think something similar can be done with Iraq. We should ask Congress to ask the Iraqi government to hold a yes-no public referendum on the U.S. occupation. It will be hard for either U.S. or Iraqi politicians to argue against letting the Iraqi people have their say. Plus . . . If the Iraqis vote for us to stay, then much of the Islamic world will accept that decision, but . . . If they ask us to leave, then the moral problem of "we broke it, we own it" will disappear, allowing us to leave with grace If you like our idea for leveraging our way to a better foreign policy, there are many in Congress who may like it too, if you let them know about it. Please send Congress a message. You can do so here. Please also share this idea with others. Also . . . Get a copy of "The Downsize DC Vision." We'll send you a copy if you start a monthly credit card pledge of $5 or more, or make a one-time donation. Plus, every dollar you contribute now will be worth two because of a matching pledge of $3,600 from a group of generous DC Downsizers. Take advantage of these opportunities. Contribute here. NOTE: You can remove this funding section if you forward this message to others, or post it on your blog. You can also comment on this message at our blog. Thank you for being a part of the growing Downsize DC Army. Perry Willis Communications Director DownsizeDC.org, Inc. D o w n s i z e r - D i s p a t c h is the official email list of DownsizeDC.org, Inc. & Downsize DC Foundation CONTRIBUTE to the Electronic Lobbyist project http://www.DownsizeDC.org is sponsored by DownsizeDC.org, Inc. -- a non-profit educational organization promoting the ideas of individual liberty, personal responsibility, free markets, and small government. You are encouraged to forward this message to friends and business associates, and permission is hereby granted to reproduce any items herein as long as attribution is provided for articles and the subscription instructions above are included. IF you have difficulties or inquiries, simply hit reply to this message. We're eager to help, including with requests to unsubscribe. You are subscribed to this newsletter at this email address:I signed up, we called the congress a couple of weeks ago to force them to have diplomatic efforts with Iran, rather than just threaten them like Bush does. Guess what it worked.This is not only for that, they keep an eye for us and tell you what is really going on behind the doors and off the cameras. more

Resolved Question: Is "Good Old Boy Politics" good for South Carolina?

I found these quite interesting. Just when you think you heard all the ways to sneak money around, along comes another one. I wonder if the governor will sue the legislature for an unconstitutional budget? Someone should, or else what good is a constitution? BTW, have you looked at the proposals I sent for referendum items? Please do. Another suggested referendum item is a recall provision, which was brought up in the state legislature this year. Should we have that in the city? Joseph Azar S.C. State seeks halt to 'funneling' Lawmakers have used school to direct funds to f avorite charities By Diane Knich (Contact) The Post and Courier Thursday, June 5, 2008 The Post and Courier Sen. John Matthews Rep. David Mack, D-North Charleston Previous story Read Sundays story "Schoo ls act as money funnels". South Carolina State University's Board of Trustees wants state lawmakers to stop using the school to channel tax dollars to their favorite charities. Board Chairman Maurice Washington said at a board retreat in C harleston Wednesday that the board will ask its lawyer whether it can legally adopt a policy prohibiting the practice. The group was responding to a Post and Courier investigation that ran in the newspaper on Sunday. The analysis revealed that So uth Carolina legislators used the state's public universities to quietly channel nearly $2 million in tax dollars to their favorite charities during the past three years. Some legislators sent the money to nonprofit groups with which they have direct tie s. That includes Rep. David Mack, D-North Charleston, who sent $700,000 through S.C. State to a nonprofit where he works and receives money. It also includes Sen. John Matthews, D-Bowman, who sent $350,000 to a charity where he is a nonvoting mem ber of the group's board of directors and his wife is the board's vice chairwoman. Matthews also sent another $150,000 through S.C. State for a "historical analysis study on African American wealth creation," although much of that money has not y et been spent. The lawmakers' decisions to place money in S.C. State's budget for other groups "weren't done in consultation with university officials," Washington said in an interview Tuesday. When the board first learned during a budget presentation at its retreat in June 2007 that money was being passed through the university, "We thought it was a little weird," Washington said. "It didn't seem like an appropriate thing for us to be involved with." Board members asked former Pr esident Andrew Hugine and John Smalls, the university's senior vice president for finance, "to end the practice," Washington said. Smalls said Tuesday that he doesn't have any choice but to pass on money that legislators place in the university's budget for other organizations. "These are legislators. This was passed by the General Assembly," Smalls said. The newspaper's analysis looked at seven of the state's largest institutions of higher learning and found that lawmakers funneled mone y through five of them: Clemson University, Francis Marion University, South Carolina State University, the University of South Carolina and Winthrop University. Here's how it works: State legislators take money from the state budget and tuck it into universities' state appropriations, sometimes without the schools' knowledge. The universities then hand over that money to the charities. Among the universities surveyed, the largest amount of money, $1.2 million, was passed through the bud get at S.C. State. Smalls said the funds show up as specific items in the university's budget. "We didn't request them," Smalls said. "They kind of appeared." Smalls said when such items appear in the university's budget, he does nothing u ntil "the appropriate legislator calls." Then he asks the legislator to send a letter that includes the name and address of the receiving agency, a tax identification number and a budget. After he receives the information, he said, he sends the mo ney. "If money is put in your budget for a purpose," Smalls said, "I don't know what to do about it. The ideal is not to put it in there." When lawmakers funnel money, he said, they "put the agency in a very precarious position. These tend to be legislators who are very supportive to the institution." Roger Leaks, an alumnus and member of the university's Board of Visitors, which is different from the Board of Trustees, said some alumni he's talked to in the past few days have said they wish the university could stop the practice and use the money on campus. The university has many needs, he said, especially to improve the poor condition of many older buildings on which maintenance has been delayed. "The way I see it," Leaks said, "if the money comes into the university, it should be used by the university, not diverted somewhere else." Reach Diane Knich at 937-5491 or dknich@postandcourier.com. Governor Sanford found what he thought were 69 items we could do without this year. Just think what he DIDN’T find! I’ve often heard that “people in the know” have ways to hide things that can never be found but with this year being the “Year of Disclosure” (Earmark Reform, Campaign Finance R eports online), I thought we had stopped all this. *********** Schools act as money funnels By Diane Knich The Post and Courier Sunday, June 1, 2008 South Carolina legislators are using some of the state’s public univers ities as funnels, quietly channeling nearly $2 million in tax dollars to their favorite charities during the past three years, a Post and Courier investigation found. Some legislators sent this money to nonprofit groups with which they have direc t ties. For instance, state Rep. David Mack, D-North Charleston, has sent $700,000 through South Carolina State University to a Columbia-based nonprofit organization where he works and receives money. But it was far from an isolated case. The new spaper’s analysis found that legislators funneled money through most of the state’s major public institutions of higher learning. The practice raises questions about conflicts of interest and how legislators distribute public money. “It l ooks like a way to camouflage money to do something they can’t do or don’t want to do directly, something that might be politically embarrassing,” said John Crangle, director of the government watchdog group Common Cause South Carolina. Here’s ho w it works: State legislators take money from the state budget and tuck it into universities’ state appropriations — sometimes without the schools’ prior knowledge. The universities then hand over that money to the charities. The Post and Courier requested information, under the South Carolina Freedom of Information Act, from seven of the state’s largest public universities about money legislators had them pass through their budgets to charity groups over the past five years. Legislators went th rough all of the schools except the College of Charleston and The Citadel to funnel tax dollars. State politicians for years have used budget mechanisms to send tax dollars to pet projects. But the amounts tend to be higher for money funneled thr ough universities. In Mack’s case, he sent $300,000 to S.C. State in the 2006-07 school year and asked the university to send the money to a Columbia-based nonprofit organization called the Palmetto Center for Advocacy. The center conducts health education programs statewide, especially obesity prevention programs. Mack sent the group another $400,000 through S.C. State in the 2007-08 school year. Anastasia Shaw, deputy director for Palmetto Center for Advocacy, said the $700,000 from the state is the only money the group has brought in so far. But, she said, the center is “looking to diversify funding.” According to the group’s Web site, Mack is employed as its “outreach director.” In a telephone interview, Mack said he now does consulting work for the group and previously was the organization’s interim director. He also said he is paid for all of his work with the center but declined to say how much. By law, nonprofits must allow the public to view tax forms, w hich include salaries of directors. But the center is relatively new, so its tax records are not yet publicly available. When asked why he chose to send the money through the university instead of going through the state’s competitive grants prog ram, Mack said, “We just chose that way.” S.C. State benefited from the arrangement, Mack said, because Palmetto Center for Advocacy organized some health education programs on the university’s campus. Another legislator who used S.C. Stat e as a funnel was Sen. John Matthews, D-Bowman. Matthews sent $150,000 in the 2006-07 school year and $200,000 in the 2007-08 school year through the university to the Lower Orangeburg-Upper Dorchester Community Development Corp. Matthews said th e program mostly helps low-income people in the high-poverty region prepare for and land jobs. According to the group’s Web site, Matthews is a non-voting member of the organization’s board of directors. His wife, Geraldine Matthews, is the board ’s vice chairwoman and serves on the board’s personnel, finance and overview and assessment committees. Matthews said Wednesday that neither he nor his wife are compensated for their work with the organization. He also said that he gave up his ro le as a voting member of the board when he brought state money to the organization. The program was launched with a private grant, Matthews said, but the money ran out. He’s temporarily helping it stay afloat with state funds, he said. Ma tthews said he was “just following tradition” by passing money through a state institution to a nonprofit group. Matthews also passed $150,000 through S.C. State in the 2006-07 school year for a “historical analysis study on African-American comm unity wealth creation.” The project is looking at impediments for blacks in the areas of education and economic development and will provide “a comprehensive analysis of the Interstate 95 corridor,” which basically runs along the state’s poverty belt, he said. The university sent $50,000 of the $150,000 for that project to DESA, a Columbia-based management consulting firm, to complete a portion of the project, Matthews said. DESA President Diane Sumpter said her company will conduct focu s groups and gather information that will be used to make videos to help low-income parents become more involved in their children’s education. Matthews said the other $100,000 will be dispersed at S.C. State to complete the rest of the report. < BR> Joe Pearman, assistant vice president of business and finance and vice president of financial affairs and management information systems at S.C. State, said so far, none of the $100,000 has been spent, and only $19,000 has been committed for salar ies. Evelyn Fields, who is chairwoman of the university’s Department of Education and in charge of the project, said the money will be used to gather baseline research data to develop a program for culturally relevant teaching for children in pov erty. At the University of South Carolina, legislators funneled $225,000 to the Epilepsy Foundation of South Carolina over the past three years, said Russ McKinney, director of communications for the university. Barbara Comar Brothers, ex ecutive director of the Epilepsy Foundation, said she doesn’t know which legislators are involved in her organization receiving the money. But, she said, representatives from the foundation met with staffers from the House Ways and Means Committee to req uest the funds. The foundation used the money for a program that trains state employees to better deal with people with epilepsy in emergency situations, Brothers said. The university also passed $100,000 to EngenuitySC for the National H ydrogen Association Convention, McKinney said. The university, he said, has no record of specific legislators involved in such transactions. Kyle Michel, a lobbyist for EngenuitySC, said the money will be used to promote South Carolina, especiall y the Columbia region, as “a place for hydrogen fuel cell economic development” during the 2009 convention. Neil McLean, executive director for the group, said the money came from the Legislature but no specific legislator. Sen. Nikki G. Setzler, D-West Columbia, and Rep. Joan Brady, R-Columbia, are members of EngenuitySC’s board of trustees, he said. Legislators also used other schools as funnels, including Clemson, Winthrop and Francis Marion universities. None of the legislato rs involved in those transactions were employed by the organizations to which they passed money, nor were they members of the groups’ boards of directors. –Sen. Harvey Peeler, R-Gaffney, sent $115,000 in the 2007-08 school year through Winthrop t o the Lake Wylie Chamber of Commerce to expand the Lake Wylie Small Business Center. Chamber President Susan Bromfield said the money allows the group to provide a place for small-business owners to get a solid start. She said Peeler has no conne ction to the chamber other than being the state senator who represents the area. Peeler did not return calls seeking comment. –Sen. John Hawkins, R-Spartanburg, sent $100,000 in the 2007-08 school year through Clemson to the Spartanburg H umane Society. Hawkins has no connection to the group other than being the state senator who represents the area, he said. He also said he would have been willing to use the state’s competitive grant program or any other funding mechanism, “but this work ed.” –Frances Marion University has funneled $187,294 to the Mount Pleasant-based Palmetto Project over the last three school years, and nearly $300,000 has been passed through the university over the past five years. John Kispert, vice president for business affairs for the university, said he is unaware of the name of the legislator associated with the money. –Kispert said the university receives correspondence about the money from Palmetto Project Executive Director Steve Skardon. Skar don said the money has been coming from the Legislature for years, but not from a specific lawmaker. He said the money has been used for the Omega Project. According to the group’s Web site, that project “offers intensive training to those commun ities looking to improve the quality of public dialogue and personal trust among citizens of diverse racial and cultural backgrounds.” Skardon said the Palmetto Project doesn’t include current public officials on its board or staff because of the potential for conflicts of interest. Reach Diane Knich at 937-5491 or dknich@postandcourier.com. Posted by nathansnews ************************************************************************************************* Governor: Budget Unconstitutional, Could Lead to Legal Challenge GOVERNOR SAYS A SUIT MAY BE NEEDED OVER CONSTITUTIONALITY OF BUDGET Columbia, S.C. - June 5, 2008 - Governor Mark Sanford today said the Genera l Assembly may have broken the law in passing a budget they knew to be out of balance - and therefore unconstitutional - and that doing so could open the state up to a legal challenge. In budget hearings earlier this year, the Educatio n and Corrections departments both told the legislature that next year's budget would force them to run a deficit, to the tune of $28 million. In fact, when warned repeatedly about potential deficits at the Department of Corrections, Senator Hugh Leatherman suggested multiple times in an April 2 meeting that the agency run a deficit. In the state Cons! titutio n, Article X, Section 7(a) requires the General Assembly "to provide by law for a budget process to insure that annual expenditures of state government do not exceed annual state revenue." Since the legislature has now passed a budget in which they know and are fully aware this requirement will not be met, the governor said today that the budget in effect b reaks the law. "There's no way around the fact that if the General Assembly has passed a budget that they know will require deficits, then it's not a balanced budget, period," Gov. Sanford said. "We have real concerns about the legality of this budget - and at this point, we're not convinced that a lawsuit would be a bad thing, given that it may indeed be the only way to prevent the legislature from engaging in this kind of recklessness in the future." Last week, the go vernor vetoed 69 items from the legislature's spending plan, for a total of $72 million, saying that m! oney sh ould be put toward the anticipated deficits at Education and Corrections. Of those 69 vetoes, the legislature only sustained five that had implications for the state's general fund, for a total of $369,000. -#####- Joel Sawyer Communications Director Office of Gov. Mark Sanford (803) 734-5254 - work (803) 446-6713 - cell (803) 734-6447 - fax ***************************************************** -- --~--~---------~--~----~------------~-------~--~----~ You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "The Azar Newsletter" group. 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Resolved Question: 320 useless facts that u probably didn't know?

Resolved Question: Hows my essay citation? How should I end it?

The Most Fit Choice Introduction/Overview of Institutions The act of choosing an appropriate college that suits the needs of an individual is a very ambiguous yet tremendously important process that those striving ahead must go through. As times go by more and more options are becoming available for the public making it more difficult for one to settle quickly and smoothly at an institution but also presenting further opportunities to narrow down one’s choices and figure out the most ideal institution to attend. Among the myriad of post secondary academic establishments across the world, Stanford University and University of California, Davis caught my attention in a much exalted manner. Both of these institutions are very well known for their medical programs and specific criteria of admission along with many other important aspects. And although each university differs greatly from the other in areas such as tuition and enrollment, they still have many things in common such as their campus environment and extracurricular activities. Yet with all their superb aspects and minor personal flaws, both candidates turn out to be an excellent institution with many wonderful benefits across the path for any student looking into them. In the following passages Stanford University and UC Davis will be evaluated and compared against each other in various fields of interest ranging from location to tuition and financial aid. The Information and Findings Location and campus environment are very important factors that should be considered when deciphering through different college choices. For the residents of California, Stanford University and UC Davis are both fine choices to consider attending, for they are both located in California with not much more than a few hours drive in between and to cities all across California. According to their website, “Stanford is located between San Francisco and San Jose in the heart of the Silicon Valley…with an 8,180 acres reach from the rural foothills of the Santa Cruz Mountains to the bustling Stanford shopping center in Palo Alto,” a description deserving much approval as far as beauty and natural scenery go. In contrast, UC Davis settles within the core of the Central Valley and is close to the San Francisco bay area as well as downtown Sacramento which holds the State Capital and many other eventful state businesses (“UC Davis”). And regarding one’s personal interests, this is important to consider since some may be more in favor of nature than industry. The institutions are alike however in the fact that their actual campuses are both in small town suburban areas, an aspect that presents a question of transportation (“College Board”). Stanford is a campus in which the most popular manner of commuting lies in biking (“Stanford”). There is even a mile long, palm tree lined entrance to the enormous campus that branches off into seventy eight diverse residential factories, over thirty libraries and a countless amount of even more beautiful campus buildings (“Stanford”). In addition to biking, and the campus’ exceeding of 12,000 bicycle parking spaces, Stanford also offers a shuttle system and Zipcar (“Stanford”). These are very beneficial characteristics when considering such a large campus. But on the smaller side, UC Davis is also an institution in which biking is of the highest popularity when it comes to commuting around campus to the many noted establishments such as an arboretum and an equestrian center (“UC Davis”). On the subject of housing, while Stanford offers a profuse amount of options ranging from coed dorms to language and ethnic themed houses, UC Davis, justifiably doesn’t have as many choices being merely a 5,200 acre campus (The Princeton Review). Stanford however, being the highly prestigious private university that it is, understandably comes with more and better options for its students, whereas UC Davis, although still highly respected, doesn’t offer the same quality or amount of housing or campus benefits as Stanford. These are essentials to one’s vital consideration of institutions regarding campus environment and location. In addition to geography and campus climate, admissions and requirements are also very ponderable concepts for a student to look into. As far as competition goes, there is no question as to the fact that Stanford exceeds a myriad of institutions across the nation in the area of acceptance. The average GPA of the most recent year’s statistics of acceptance was 3.75 and higher, not to mention that 91% of the admitted students were in the top 10% of their class and achieved very high honorable scores in a range of 660-760 on sections of standardized testing (“College Board”). Such students deserve the utmost accreditation when it comes to approval, and being more or less of the minority, are accepted by Stanford on very strict terms. These requisites that Stanford looks into range from personal qualities to the rigor of one’s secondary school record (The Princeton Review). But on a more compassionate level, Stanford cares more about a student’s success in a rigorous course rather than the amount of them that they took (“Stanford”). In contrast, UC Davis doesn’t demand the same level of success among students and their process of admission is much more simpler seeing as to the fact that students merely have to meet one out of three sets of eligibility requirements (“UC Davis”). In fact, out of the 22,333 students who applied to Stanford last year, only 11% were admitted and 67% were enrolled (The Princeton Review). And in comparison to UC Davis, these statistics immensely differ in quantity. In 2007 UC Davis admitted 68% of their 32,635 applicants and enrolled a mere 25% of them (The Princeton Review). The percentages of acceptance and enrollment between the two schools depict the very fact that those who qualify for a more prestigious and difficult institution to get into are much more determined and driven to ultimately attend the specific college of their desires and needs, whereas those who apply to a more broad amount of colleges simply to widen their options and are less qualified for prominent universities act more leniently and not as ambitious in their decision to attend a particular school. Each individual contemplating their college needs is relatively obligated to pay close attention to the degrees and academic programs offered by their institutions. And while almost all known institutions offer the basic Bachelors, Doctoral, Masters and other degrees, Stanford and UC Davis have many special study options. Both universities offer selections like double major programs, honors programs, and independent study internships, aspects important to look into considering the fact that both schools are very prestigious in their medical programs (The Princeton Review). According to their website, Stanford is very determined to fostering skilled and successful medical practitioners, for “candidates who have demonstrated to the satisfaction of their department or school substantial scholarship [and have a] high attainment in a particular field of knowledge and ability to do independent research and present the results…” are granted highly esteemed degrees in a vast range of medical programs. Not far behind lays UC Davis with four honorable colleges of study ranging from biological sciences to engineering, and five different professional schools to choose from (“UC Davis”). Among Stanford’s seven distinct and highly impressive schools lies their School of Medicine which offers over 29 diverse areas of specific medical study ranging anywhere from psychiatry to neurosurgery (“Stanford”). And UC Davis, also being a predominant institution of medicine offers over 26 distinct areas of medical study (“UC Davis”). This displays the fact that both schools attain many options of education in the medical field all of which are highly respected and rigorously taken out. However while UC Davis is one of the most major medical institutions noted across the nation like Stanford, Stanford holds the honor of having a much more ample amount of prestigious study in many different fields as well. These characteristics are very important for a student to look into when considering what school to attend based on their academic needs. On the subject of extracurricular activities, one may not consider them to be very crucial to their ultimate selection if they don’t happen to be an athlete or very active in clubs, however, sports and student organizations truly do play a rather important role. Brandon Barrette, a graduate currently attending UC Davis suggests the fact that it is a good idea to “get involved [in activities] when you are an undergrad. It’s a great way to make friends and great stress relief!” And while one may not believe this to be entirely important or true upon college consideration, it is undeniably beneficial to know that one has so many options for extracurricular activities. UC Davis offers 26 different men’s and women’s sports teams including a vast variety of intramural traditional team sports along with many nontraditional activities as well (“UC Davis”). In comparison, Stanford offers over 21 different sports teams ranging from football to water polo (“Stanford”). And while both schools are closely related in sports, Stanford offers many different summer sport camps and recreational summer clubs and programs in which some are conveniently, not exclusive to Stanford students (“Stanford”). Having sports offered at a school is important even if one knows that they definitely won’t be participating as an athlete, for knowing that there are all these games to be played and competitions to be fought in gives a student the comfortable assurance that there will be something major to rally around campus, something to keep them excited for their years to come. And besides sports, both schools offer a plethora of clubs and student organizations. Stanford offers 28 esteemed sororities and fraternities along with a diverse range of creative art programs and academic clubs (“Stanford”). Similarly, UC Davis has over 364 registered organizations and 49 sororities and fraternities along with 50 religious organizations and an honor society (The Princeton Review). This suggests that both schools believe that extracurricular activities are rather important and necessary enough to include as a major field of activity among their institutions in harmony with their output of education, an aspect worthy of consideration when it comes to personal interests regarding one’s level of rigorous academic focus. As all the mentioned aspects of college features are to a certain extent, equally important, one of the most predominant factors that students look into when choosing their post secondary school is tuition and financial aid. In all probability, not every family can support their child financially when it comes to college. And not to mention, inevitably, prices and difficulties are simply rising as time goes on. But due to such fate, more help is becoming available for students all over the nation through means of scholarships, grants and loans and whatnot. Last year Stanford’s total price for tuition and other fees such as room and board and books and supplies was at a high $51,430 per year (“Stanford”). UC Davis on the other hand, peaked at nearly less than half of Stanford, at a total of $25,754 (“UC Davis”). At first glace, this suggests that Stanford has a lot more to offer through its institution than UC Davis, however from what has been mentioned, both schools are very close in the things they present. Yet there are many ways that a student can financially support themselves as well. Stanford in fact, has special programs that provide tuition grant awards to students based on their financial need and high school status (“Stanford”). Its process of granting financial aid becomes ultimately very beneficial for, students can are fairly judged on their household income and can usually receive the majority of what they are expected to pay through academic yearly earnings, federal and state grants, and university scholarships, things of which are gifted aid and do not need to be paid back (“Stanford”). And UC Davis, although not coming with nearly the same price tag as Stanford, has many financial aid options as well. UC Davis offers campus wide scholarships in which students apply for with simple high school qualifications and are very likely to receive; the school is even very personal and offers specific scholarships such as the Iranian Alumni Association Scholarship that supports students needing financial and of Iranian descent (“UC Davis”). Based on Peterson’s website of colleges and universities, the average indebtedness a student has upon graduation at Stanford is about $16,728 and at UC Davis is $14,372. And with the knowledge that Stanford has a much heftier charge, the fact that those figures don’t differ much suggests that Stanford is a lot more efficient in granting students with enough aid to support them more proficiently throughout their years than UC Davis. In fact Stanford’s average percent of financial need met among students was at 100%, while UC Davis’ was at 77% (“Colleges and Universities”). This concept carries much importance in the long run, knowing that a student could receive a relatively better and far more prestigious education at one institution than another, while still reasonably spending the same amount of money. The Significance of the Findings/Conclusion The facts and analysis discussed above have come to be really compelling in my opinion in relation to how important it is to know what I want out of academics. It opened my eyes to realizing against the stereotype that all colleges merely want profit from their consumers. I became a lot more open minded after performing my research, realizing that an institution with a lot less prestige can and usually is almost or just as beneficial, as in I can still receive a wonderful education anchored towards my goals from a place that may not be as large or as prominent. My confidence level also rose up quite a bit, resting assured that so far I have undeniably exceeded college expectations and met most standards. This suggests that all I have to do is keep going on the same track to success to achieve my goals regarding attending college. All in all however, I still believe that Stanford University is a better institution as far as my options go. I feel that in attending Stanford I will be placing myself on a much higher level of success and subsequently furthering and improving my chances of becoming all that I can be career wise. The details of admission and competition among both schools that I found, made me realize how important it was to peak myself in a well balanced schedule in high school and to thrive in everything I do. Before conducting my research, I didn’t fully comprehend the fact that it wouldn’t always matter what my GPA was for a certain semester or how many difficult classes I took, but rather how well I did in everything that I executed in my life. I know I will irrefutably have the need to perform more research like this in the future, and upon such occurrence I would most likely make sure I fully understood and knew about all my options before I came to any conclusions about them. I would also ensure that I’d have enough time to fully execute such a project to its fullest potential. In general however, this project and the information I found due to it in the end was very beneficial and helpful in furthering my knowledge of two universities that I was highly interested in. more

Resolved Question: please answer my question about the constitutional convention?

TeachingAmericanHistory.org Homepage Register Online About Us Search Site Seminars & Institutes Historical Documents Library Audio Lectures & Discussions Constitutional Convention Home > Constitutional Convention > Introduction to the Constitutional Convention by Gordon Lloyd Introduction to the Constitutional Convention by Gordon Lloyd See Also: Convention: Introduction to this Site | Introduction to the Convention | Four Act Drama | Day by Day Summary | Major Themes | Madison's Notes | Selected Correspondence Delegates: Age of Framers in 1787 | Educational Backgrounds | Continental Experiences | Delegates by State | Alphabetical List | Interactive Scene at the Signing of the Constitution | Interactive Map of Philadelphia | Entertainment of George Washington at the City Tavern The Call for a Grand Convention On May 15, 1776, the Second Continental Congress, meeting in Independence Hall, Philadelphia, issued "A Resolve" to the thirteen colonies: "Adopt such a government as shall, in the opinion of the representatives of the people, best conduce to the safety and happiness of their constituents in particular and America in general." Between 1776 and 1780 each of the thirteen colonies adopted a republican form of government. What emerged was the most extensive documentation of the powers of government and the rights of the people that the world had ever witnessed. These state constitutions displayed a remarkable uniformity. Seven attached a prefatory Declaration of Rights, and all contained the same civil and criminal rights. Four states decided not to "prefix" a Bill of Rights to their constitutions, but, instead, incorporated the very same natural and traditional rights found in the prefatory declarations. New York incorporated the entire Declaration of Independence into its constitution. The primary purpose of these declarations and bills was to outline the objectives of government: to secure the right to life, liberty, property, and the pursuit of happiness. The government that was chosen to secure these rights was declared universally to be "a republican form of government." All of the states, except Pennsylvania, embraced a two-chamber legislature, and all, except Massachusetts, installed a weak executive and denied the Governor the power to veto bills of the legislature. All accepted the notion that the legislative branch should be preeminent, but, at the very same time, endorsed the concept that the liberty of the people was in danger from the corruption of the representatives. And this despite the fact that the representatives were installed by the election of the people. Thus, each state constitution embraced the notion of short terms of office for elected representatives along with recall, rotation, and term limits. The Second Continental Congress also created the first continental-wide system of governance. The Articles of Confederation created a nation of pre-existing states rather than a government over individuals. Thus, the very idea of a Bill of Rights was irrelevant because the Articles did not entail a government over individuals. The states were equally represented in the union regardless of size of population, only one branch was needed, normal political activity required the support of super majorities, the union was limited to the powers expressly enumerated, and amendment was required to endow the union with powers that weren't specifically articulated. Amendments required the unanimous approval of all thirteen state legislatures. The Articles didn't come into operation until the early 1780s because of territorial disputes between two states; all of the states were required to "sign on" before the Articles became operative on any one state. These two directives produced two opposite and rival situations: an early operating, robust and healthy state and local politics and a late arriving, weak and divisive continental arrangement. Several statesmen, especially George Washington, were concerned that the idea of an American mind that had emerged during the war with Britain was about to disappear and the Articles of Confederation were inadequate to foster the development of an American character. According to Washington, "we have errors to correct." He argued that the states refused to comply with the articles of peace, the union was unable to regulate interstate commerce, and the states met, but oh so grudgingly, just the minimum interstate standards required by the Articles. Others, especially James Madison, were concerned that the state legislatures—dominated by what he saw as oppressive, unjust, and overbearing majorities—were passing laws detrimental to the rights of individual conscience and the right to private property. And there was nothing that the union government could do about it because the Articles left matters of religion and commerce to the states. The solution, concluded Madison, was to create an extended republic, in which a variety of opinions, passions, and interests would check and balance each other, supported by a governmental framework that endorsed a separation of powers between the branches of the general government. Between 1781 and 1785 attempts "to correct these errors" failed to secure the required unanimous consent of the state legislatures. Matters changed, however, in 1786. Following James Madison's suggestion of 21 January 1786, the Virginia Legislature invited all the States to discuss ways to reduce interstate conflicts in Annapolis, Maryland. The "commissioners" in attendance at Annapolis during September 1786, chatted about these particular concerns, but suggested that the conversation be both deepened and widened. They endorsed a motion that a "Grand Convention" of all the States meet in Philadelphia the next May 1787 to discuss how to improve the Articles of Confederation. One might well ask, "Who or what authorized the Virginia Legislature to call the Annapolis Convention and who or what authorized the Annapolis Convention to call for a 'Grand Convention'?" The answer is to be found in the Declaration of Independence: The people have the right to choose the form of government under which they shall live and to install such government as they deem appropriate to secure their liberty, security, and happiness. The Selection of the Delegates Madison and Washington agreed that the principles of the Revolution of 1776 were in danger due to a weak continental arrangement and overbearing, unjust, and reckless state legislatures. But how could they take advantage of the opportunity provided by the Annapolis recommendation? How was such a bold proposal to be put into effect? Madison persuaded the Virginia Legislature to implement the challenge of the Annapolis Convention and invite all the other states to also reconsider the status of the Articles. He also persuaded the Assembly to be the first to elect delegates to the Grand Convention to consider the business "of May next." The Virginia Assembly elected 55-year-old revolutionary hero George Washington to head the delegation. "Give me Liberty or give me Death" Patrick Henry declined because "he smelt a rat." Doctor James McClurg was selected even though he had no political experience; James Madison insisted he be present. Richard Henry Lee and Thomas Nelson, colonial heroes and Signers of the Declaration, refused to attend. 34-year-old Edmund Randolph, the Governor of Virginia, 55-year-old John Blair, an esteemed Virginia judge, 55-year-old George Wythe, the first law professor of the United States and Signer of the Declaration, 62-year-old George Mason, author of the Virginia Bill of Rights were all chosen along with five foot tall, 120 pound, 36-year-old James Madison. Five States followed Virginia's lead. 1. New Jersey selected William Churchill Houston, Chief Justice of the New Jersey Supreme Court David Brearly, 40-year-old Irish immigrant William Paterson, Governor William Livingston, known as "the Whipping Post" because of his great height, and 27-year-old Jonathan Dayton who after the Convention went exploring and died in what is now Dayton, Ohio. 2. Pennsylvania selected eight delegates: Thomas Mifflin was elected as the leader of the delegation; he was speaker of the Pennsylvania Assembly. Other members selected were Robert Morris, financier of the Revolution, George Clymer, signer of the Declaration, Jared Ingersoll a political reformer who later bestowed on Madison the appellation, "Father of the Constitution," Irish immigrant Thomas Fitzsimons, founder of the Bank of America and one of two Catholics at the Convention, 45-year-old James "The Caledonian" Wilson from Scotland, 33-year-old peg leg and "rake" Gouverneur Morris, who spoke more than anyone at the Convention, and 81-year-old Benjamin "the American Socrates" Franklin who was added to the delegation as a courtesy. All the delegates from Pennsylvania resided in Philadelphia. 3. Former Governor Alexander Martin was chosen to lead the North Carolina delegation, but left before the signing. 29-year-old William Davie also left the Convention early. In 1802 he was killed in a duel. 29-year-old Richard Dobbs Spaight, preacher, essayist, and mathematician Doctor Hugh Williamson, and land speculator William Blount—who later earned the dubious honor of being the first member expelled from the United States Senate—made up the core of the delegation that had a major impact on the course of the debates in July. Howard Christy gives this central signing honors in his commemoration of the Constitution. 4. 54-year-old George Read headed the Delaware delegation. Additional members included "corpulent and impetuous" Gunning Bedford Junior, prudent and educated John Dickinson, and two quiet thirty-five-year olds: Jacob Broom and Richard Bassett. 5. The head of the Georgia delegation was William Few who was joined by Abraham Baldwin, William Houstoun, and 49-year-old William Pierce, one of the poorest attendees in terms of income—thus he has no official portrait—who nevertheless left us rich sketches of the delegates. So six of the states had taken Virginia's initiative to form a Grand Convention without waiting for any formal endorsement by the existing government under the Articles of Confederation. Other states, however, were more cautious and wanted the existing Congress to address the legitimacy of such a gathering. On 28 February 1787, the Confederation Congress endorsed the meeting of the Grand Convention on "the second Monday in May next." Exactly what the Congress authorized became a bone of contention. The recommendatory act of Congress reads thus: A Convention of delegates should meet "for the sole purpose of revising the articles of Confederation and reporting to Congress and the several legislatures such alterations and provisions therein as shall, when agreed to in Congress and confirmed by the States, render the federal Constitution adequate to the exigencies of government and the preservation of the Union." (Italics in the original of the version reprinted in Federalist 40.) Did the Congress limit the Convention to the discussion of specific and particular matters or did the Congress empower the Convention to "run away" and propose whatever alterations the delegates considered were needed to preserve the principles of the Revolution? New York was the first state to act after the Congressional endorsement. The Governor George Clinton faction of the New York legislature selected State Supreme Court judge Robert Yates and John Lansing to, in effect, outvote Alexander Hamilton. The New York delegation was not particularly prominent at the Convention. Yates and Lansing left in early July, just prior to the passage of the Connecticut Compromise, and the 32-year-old Hamilton, who lost his life at age 49 in a duel with Aaron Burr, was far more influential in securing the adoption of the Constitution in 1788 than in its framing in 1787. Five States followed New York's lead. 1. In early March, South Carolina, selected John Rutledge, Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, Charles Pinckney, and Pierce Butler as their delegates; they were pro-national, pro-slavery, and very influential. 2. Massachusetts, also in March, selected Elbridge Gerry, who signed the Declaration, 32-year-old Rufus King, "backwoods lawyer" Caleb Strong, and Nathaniel Gorham, who chaired the Committee of the Whole during the Convention. 3. Four days before the Convention began, Connecticut elected three delegates: William Samuel Johnson, who learned of his appointment to the Presidency of Columbia College on his way to Philadelphia, Roger Sherman, who signed both the Declaration and the Articles, and 42-year-old Oliver Ellsworth who had the reputation of talking to himself and being a chain chewer of snuff. 4. Irish immigrant Doctor James McHenry, after whom Fort McHenry is named, was a leader of the Maryland delegation. He was joined by 60-year-old bachelor, Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer, 30-year-old Daniel Carroll—one of two Catholics at the Convention—29-year-old John F. Mercer, who blew into and out of town during the first week of August, and Luther Martin, who apparently had a great capacity to consume immense amounts of alcohol, and sober up at a moment's notice. 5. New Hampshire was short of cash so John Langdon funded the expenses for himself and Nicholas Gilman; they arrived at the Convention on July 23, after the main debate over the Connecticut Compromise was completed and yet just in time for a one-week recess. Rhode Island, the thirteenth state, declined to send delegates. Thomas Jefferson characterized the 55 men who showed up in Philadelphia as "demi-gods," who created a Constitution that would last into remote futurity. Alexis de Tocqueville marveled at the work of the American Founders: never before in the history of the world had the leaders of a country declared the existing government to be bankrupt, and the people, after debate, calmly elected delegates who proposed a solution, which, in turn, was debated up and down the country for nearly a year, and not a drop of blood was spilled. Madison, in Federalist 37, indicates the uniqueness of the Founding: never before had there been a democratic founding; all previous foundings had been the work of a single founder like Romulus. And Hamilton, in Federalist 1, suggested that this was a unique event in the history of the world; finally government was going to be established by reflection and choice rather than force and fraud. And what is also unique is the fact that the framers were relatively young, well educated, and politically experienced. Like the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution was written by delegates immersed in 1) the writings of Aristotle, Cicero, Locke, and Montesquieu, and 2) a world of political experience at both the state and continental level. Both basic documents were written in Independence Hall, Philadelphia, and thirty signers of the Declaration in 1776 played a vital part in the creation and adoption of the Constitution, 1787-1789. How to Read the Convention Very few of the delegates selected were present at the appointed time for the meeting of the Grand Convention in Philadelphia on May 14, 1787. All the Virginia delegates were present, however, and fully settled into their accommodations. Washington stayed at Robert Morris's Town House, and Madison secured lodgings across the street at Mrs. House's Boarding House. During this waiting period, the Virginia delegates caucused with each other in an attempt to set the tone for the deliberations of the Convention and paid courtesy calls on prominent members of Philadelphia society. Some entered a Catholic church for the first time. On May 25, a quorum of seven states was secured. The first order of business was to elect a President, and George Washington was the obvious choice. William Jackson, yet another immigrant at the Convention, was elected Secretary of the Convention and he recorded the propositions and amendments as well as the vote tabulation. James Madison took extensive Notes of the proceedings and although some scholars have questioned their authenticity and completeness, they remain the primary source for reproducing the conversations at the Convention. Other delegates kept specific notes on certain days, there are letters back home to friends and loved ones, there are urgent bills sent for immediate payment that augment, and there are personal diaries, some more complete than others. Nothing, however, can compete with, or ever replace, Madison's Notes. The delegates also agreed that the deliberations would be kept secret. The case in favor of secrecy was that the issues at hand were so important that honest discourse needed to be encouraged and delegates ought to feel free to speak their mind, and change their mind, as they saw fit. Thus, despite the hot summer weather in Philadelphia, and delegates who, on the whole, were rather overweight and hardly "dressed down" for the occasion, the windows were closed and heavy drapes drawn. The merits and demerits of the secrecy rule have been a subject of considerable debate throughout American history. In Act One of the Convention, Governor Randolph introduces the fifteen point Virginia Plan at the end of May to "revise the Articles of Confederation." The decisive features of this plan are 1) the complete structural exclusion of the states in terms of both election and representation; 2) the complete diminution of the powers of the states and the virtual freedom of Congress to act in those areas for which the states are incompetent; 3) the establishment of an extended national republic with institutional separation of powers and the introduction of the possibility that short terms of office and term limits—standard features of traditional republicanism—will be abandoned. Under the wholly federal Articles of Confederation, only the states are represented and the central government was restrained to the exercise of expressly delegated powers. And under the state republican constitutions, the governor had very little authority, and the elected representatives were kept under close scrutiny. Madison's Virginia Plan introduces a new understanding of federalism and republicanism. This wholly national republican plan is debated, and amended, over the next two weeks, and the main features are adopted by the delegates in mid June over two alternatives: the wholly federal, or state based, New Jersey Plan, that argues that the Virginia Plan goes too far, and the Hamilton Plan that claims the Virginia Plan does not go far enough. Hamilton, among other things, envisioned a President for life. Act Two portrays the Convention in crisis, in the sense that the delegates were at a stalemate. Far from the wholly national republican Virginia Plan being accepted, as we might very well anticipate when the curtain fell at the end of Act One, the delegates from Connecticut, New Jersey, Delaware, New York, and Mr. Martin from Maryland—the defenders of the New Jersey Plan, the old style federalism of the Articles, and the old fashioned republicanism of the state constitutions—insisted on questioning the validity of the Virginia Plan. They argued that the Convention had exceeded the Congressional mandate because the Articles had in fact been scrapped rather than revised. Thus the Convention had violated the rule of law. Moreover, the Convention was about to propose a novelty—a large country under one republican form of government—that would never be accepted by the electorate. These delegates knew their Locke and Montesquieu and they relied on their own political experience which was remarkably extensive: republican government could only exist in areas of small extent where the people kept close watch over their representatives. A breakthrough occurs at the end of June when Oliver Ellsworth of Connecticut suggests that we are neither wholly national nor wholly federal but a mixture of both. Several delegates echo this theme and the Convention decides to move beyond the exclusively national or federal paradigms. The Gerry Committee is created to explore the ramifications of this suggestion that the people be represented in the House and the states be represented in the Senate. This recommendation—the Connecticut Compromise—is accepted over Madison's objections in mid-July. Act Three focuses on the debates during August over the Committee of Detail Report, especially concerning the itemization of Congressional powers. With the Connecticut Compromise in place, the delegates turned from the question of structure to the question of national and state powers. Under the Virginia Plan, Congress was empowered to do anything the States were incompetent to do. By July, that was no longer acceptable to the delegates. A Committee was created to draft a Constitution—the Committee of Detail—that would address the division of powers between the central and state governments and also the separation of powers between Congress, the President, and the Supreme Court. Another issue that emerged in Act Three is the slavery question. What could Congress do and not do to regulate and/or abolish slavery? This is a vital question and deserves special coverage. It is instructive to compare the clause in the Committee of Detail Report of August 6 with the Signed Constitution of September 17. The former forbids Congress from ever regulating the slave trade and prohibits Congress from discouraging the trade by means of a tax or tariff. By contrast the final Constitution, limits the prohibition on Congress until 1808 and permits Congress to discourage the slave trade. In March, 1807, President Jefferson signed into law an Act of Congress prohibiting the slave trade effective January 1, 1808, and during the 1790s Congress took specific steps to discourage the importation of Africans for the purpose of being sold into slavery. Act Four covers the final three weeks of the Convention during the month of September. Despite all the progress that had been made on the structural role of the states and enumerating the powers of Congress, there was much work still to be done on the Presidency. The Brearley Committee came up with the idea of an Electoral College as a sensible compromise to the long and largely fruitless debates on how to elect the President. It had been clear for four months that until the mode of election was settled, no progress could be made on 1) length of term, 2) the issue of re-eligibility, and 3) the powers of the President. The Electoral College was modeled on the Connecticut Compromise: the President would be elected by a combination of people and states. The Committee of Style wrote the final draft of the Constitution. It included a Preamble and an obligation of contracts clause, both written by Gouverneur Morris, and an enumeration of the powers of Congress in Article I, Section 8. During the last week of the Convention the delegates added a few refinements, raised some serious concerns, and discussed what they agreed to over the four months of deliberations. Mason expressed the wish that "the plan had been prefaced by a Bill of Rights." Elbridge Gerry supported Mason's unsuccessful attempt to attach a Bill of Rights. Randolph joined Mason and Gerry and declared that he too wouldn't sign the Constitution. And the delegates wondered whether or not the power to create a national university was implied within the meaning of the necessary and proper clause. Rising Sun ChairOn the last day of the Convention, September 17, Benjamin Franklin looked at the chair occupied by Washington and declared the sun enshrined on the chair to be a rising sun. Many delegates over the four months of deliberation often thought that it was a setting sun. 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A Project of the Ashbrook Center for Public Affairs at Ashland University 401 College Avenue | Ashland, Ohio 44805 (419) 289-5411 | (877) 289-5411 (Toll Free) info@TeachingAmericanHistory.org © 2006 Ashbrook Center for Public AffairsTeachingAmericanHistory.org Homepage Register Online About Us Search Site Seminars & Institutes Historical Documents Library Audio Lectures & Discussions Constitutional Convention Home > Constitutional Convention > Introduction to the Constitutional Convention by Gordon Lloyd Introduction to the Constitutional Convention by Gordon Lloyd See Also: Convention: Introduction to this Site | Introduction to the Convention | Four Act Drama | Day by Day Summary | Major Themes | Madison's Notes | Selected Correspondence Delegates: Age of Framers in 1787 | Educational Backgrounds | Continental Experiences | Delegates by State | Alphabetical List | Interactive Scene at the Signing of the Constitution | Interactive Map of Philadelphia | Entertainment of George Washington at the City Tavern The Call for a Grand Convention On May 15, 1776, the Second Continental Congress, meeting in Independence Hall, Philadelphia, isso can you answer my question? more

Resolved Question: 320 Useless Facts Most Intresting One?

Resolved Question: Your Thoughts On These 320 Useless Facts? Which is most interesting to You?

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Resolved Question: Why did Clinton pardon these people.?

CLINTON PARDONS These are not commuted sentences but full pardons as if the offence never happened. NAMEDISTRICTSENTENCEDOFFENSE David Phillip AronsohnD. Minn.1961Failure to pay special occupational tax on wagering, 26 U.S.C. § 7203 Wanda Kaye Bain-PrenticeD. Ariz.1982Mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. § 1341 Antonio BaruccoU. S. Army general court-martial1945Desertion in violation of the 58th Article of War Kristine Margo BeckD. Idaho1981Bank embezzlement, 18 U.S.C. § 656 David Christopher BillmaierD. New Mex.1980Possession with intent to distribute amphetamines, 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) Terry Lee BrownE. D. Ky.1962Interstate transportation of a stolen motor vehicle, 18 U.S.C. § 2312 Joe Carl BrutonN. D. Tex.1979Conspiracy to commit mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. § 371 Nolan Lynn DeMarceW. D. Wis.1983Making false statements to obtain bank loans, 18 U.S.C. § 1014 Jimmy C. DickN. D. Calif.1976Conspiracy to manufacture counterfeit Federal Reserve Notes, 18 U.S.C. § 371 Edward Eugene DishmanW. D. Okla.1983Conspiracy to defraud the United States and Oklahoma counties, 18 U.S.C. § 371 Brenda Kay EngleS. D. Ind.1983Conspiracy to commit theft from interstate shipment, 18 U.S.C. § 371 Mary Theresa FajerD. Oregon1980Conspiracy to commit bank embezzlement, 18 U.S.C. §§ 2 and 371 Albert James ForteD. Dist. Col.1973Making and subscribing false and fraudulent income tax return, 26 U.S.C. § 7206(1) Fendley Lee FrazierS. D. Ala.1965Interstate transportation of a stolen motor vehicle, 18 U.S.C. § 2312 Robert Linward Freeland, Jr.N. D. Ind.1983Forcible rescue of seized property, 26 U.S.C. § 7212(b) Ralph Leon FurstS. D. Calif.1966Embezzlement of United States mail (U.S. Code section not cited) Barbara Ann GerickeW. D. Wis.1984Conspiracy to introduce contraband into federal prison, 18 U.S.C. §§ 371 and 1791 Billy Joe GilmoreN. D. Tex.1982Mail fraud and aiding and abetting, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1341 and 2 Loreto Joseph IafrateN. D. W. Va.1976Failure to record receipt of firearms, 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(m) and 924(a) Carl Bruce JonesW. D. Mo.1983Distribution of marijuana and use of telephone to facilitate marijuana distribution, 18 U.S.C. § 2 and 21 U.S.C. §§ 841(a)(1) and 843(b) Candace Deon LeverenzN. D. Calif.1972Unlawful distribution of LSD, 21 U.S.C. §§ 841(a)(1) and (b)(1)(B) George William LindgrenS. D. N. Y.1975Bank embezzlement, 18 U.S.C. § 656 Brian George MeierkordC. D. Ill.1983Making false statement to bank, 18 U.S.C. § 1014 Jackie Lee MillerN. D. Okla.1983Conspiracy to defraud the United States, 18 U.S.C. § 371 Joseph Patrick NaultyE. D. Pa.1980Carrying away goods moving as part of foreign shipment, 18 U.S.C. § 659 Theodore Roosevelt NoelN. D. Ala.1972Selling whiskey in unstamped containers and making false statement in the acquisition of firearms from licensed dealer, 26 U.S.C. § 5604(a)(1) and 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(a)(6) and 924(a) Mary Louise OaksM. D. La.1979Conspiracy to defraud the government with respect to claims, 18 U.S.C. § 286 Robert Paul PadelskyD. Utah1980Misapplication of bank funds, 18 U.S.C. § 656 Elizabeth Amy PetersonD. Nev.1985Conspiracy to make false statements to bank, 18 U.S.C. § 371 Susan Lauranne PratherW. D. Ark.1975Causing marijuana to be transported through the mail, 21 U.S.C. § 843(b) Gary Lynn QuammenW. D. Wis.1976Misapplication of bank funds, 18 U.S.C. § 656 Robert Ronal RaymondD. Conn.1972Conspiracy to manufacture, receive, possess, and sell firearms silencers, 18 U.S.C. § 371 Elizabeth Hogg RushingN. D. Ga.1978Misapplication of bank funds, 18 U.S.C. § 656 Marc Alan SchafferS. D. N. Y.1968Submission of false statements to Selective Service System Local Board, 50 U.S.C. Appendix § 462(a) Roy Aaron SmithE. D. Tex.1982Misprision of a felony, 18 U.S.C. § 4 Diane Dorothea SmunkD. So. Dak.1984Embezzlement by government employee, 18 U.S.C. § 641 Thomas Peter StathakisD. So. Car.1976Selling and delivering firearms to out-of-state resident and falsifying firearms records, 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(b)(3), 922(m), and 924(a) Kathleen VacantiC. D. Calif.1979Conspiracy to defraud the United States by obtaining payment of false claims, presenting false claims to the United States, forging a writing, and aiding and abetting, 18 U.S.C. §§ 2, 286, 287, and 495 Pupi WhiteW. D. Mo.1985Making false statement on United States passport application, 18 U.S.C. § 911 Charles Coleman WickerE. D. Mo.1975Conspiracy to conduct illegal gambling business, 18 U.S.C. § 371 Roderick Douglas WoodsS. D. Miss.1982Misappropriation of bank funds and aiding and abetting, 18 U.S.C. §§ 656 and 2 17-Apr-95 NAMEDISTRICTSENTENCEDOFFENSE Bradley Vaughn BarisicN. D. Calif.1980Making false statement to National Labor Relations Board, 18 U.S.C. § 1001 Herschel L. BrantleyU. S. Air Force general court-martial1951Larceny in violation of 93rd Article of War Linda Bailey ByarsD. So. Car.1975Bank embezzlement, 18 U.S.C. § 656 Patricia Ann ChapinW. D. Mo.1986Falsifying prescription for controlled substance, 21 U.S.C. § 843(a)(4)(A) and 18 U.S.C. § 2 Ronald JacobsE. D. Pa.1967Theft from interstate shipment, 18 U.S.C. § 659 Margaret Mary MarksN. D. Ohio1984Willful misapplication of bank funds, 18 U.S.C. § 657 John Richard MartinS. D. Calif.1956Embezzlement of funds from savings and loan association, 18 U.S.C. § 657 Earl Thomas McKinney1. U. S. Air Force summary court-martial1. 19511Absent without leave 2. U. S. Air Force general court-martial2. 19592Larceny by check, writing check with insufficient funds, and false claims, in violation of U.C.M.J. Articles 121, 132, and 134 Shirley Jean OdomsS. D. Tex.1978Filing false claim for tax refund, 18 U.S.C. § 287 Jack PakisW. D. Ark.1972Operation of illegal gambling business, 18 U.S.C. §§ 2 and 1955 Gordon Roberts, Jr.M. D. La.1977Interstate transportation of forged and falsely made securities, 18 U.S.C. §§ 2 and 2314 Carl Edward Terhune, Jr.N. D. Okla.1985Issuing United States Postal Service money orders while postal employee with intent to defraud Postal Service, 18 U.S.C. § 500 23-Dec-97 NAMEDISTRICTSENTENCEDOFFENSE Irving Frank AveryD. Colo.1984Possession of counterfeit plates, 18 U.S.C. §§ 474 and 2 Billy K. BerryE. D. Ark.1986Medicaid and mail fraud, 42 U.S.C. § 1396h(a)(1)(i) and 18 U.S.C. § 1341 Clio Louise CarsonD. Wyo.1979Transmission of wagering information, 18 U.S.C. § 1084 Giuseppe Casadei-SevereiD. Puerto Rico1987Obstruction of justice, 18 U.S.C. § 1503 Glen Edison Chapman1. W. D. No.Car.1. 19551Removing, possessing, and concealing non-tax-paid whiskey, 26 U.S.C. §§ 5632 and 7206 2. W. D. No. Car.2. 19572Removing, possessing, and concealing non-tax-paid whiskey, 26 U.S.C. §§ 5632 and 5008(b)(1) Ralph Wallace CrawfordC. D. Calif.1985Mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. § 1341 Aaron GoldenW. D. Tex.1986Failure to file a currency transaction report, 31 U.S.C. §§ 5313 and 5322(a) Monroe Lee KingS. D. Tex.1973Making plates for counterfeiting Federal Reserve Notes, 18 U.S.C. § 474 Ralph Lee LimbaughN. D. Ala.1974Theft from interstate shipment, 18 U.S.C. § 659 George Edward Maynes, Jr.D. Canal Zone1975Distribution of cocaine, 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) Charley Morgan N.D. Okla.1964Unlawful possession of still and manufacture of mash, 26 U.S.C. §§ 5179(a), 5601(a)(1), and 5601(a)(7) Linzie Murle MorseW. D. La.1973Interstate transportation of stolen motor vehicle and selling stolen motor vehicle, 18 U.S.C. §§ 2312 and 2313 Charles Patrick MurrinC. D. Calif.1988Bank robbery, 18 U.S.C. § 2113(a) Moises Jaurequi RamosD. New Mexico1983Misprision of a felony, 18 U.S.C. § 4 William Ray RichardsonW. D. Mo.1983Interstate transportation of stolen property, 18 U.S.C. §§ 2 and 2314 Raymond Phillip WeaverU. S. Navy summary court-martial1947Theft of four pounds of butter Bill Wayne WestE. D. Miss.1984Dealing in firearms without license, 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(a)(1) and 924(a) Anita Glenn WhitlockD. Dist. Col.1978Bank embezzlement, 18 U.S.C. § 656 Edward Kenneth Williams, Jr.S. D. Iowa1979Receiving and selling stolen motor vehicles and aiding and abetting the same, 18 U.S.C. §§ 2 and 2313 Larry Edward WinfieldW. D. Ark.1987Mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. § 1341 Louis Anthony Winters1. U.S. Navy general1. 19571. Unauthorized absence from duty court-martial 2.D. So. Dak.2. 19692. Assault with dangerous weapon, 18 U.S.C. § 1153 24-Dec-98 NAMEDISTRICTSENTENCEDOFFENSE Haig Ardash ArakelianS. D. Calif.1975Possession of marijuana, 21 U.S.C. § 844 (aka Haig Arthur Arakelian) Estel Edmond AshworthN. D. Tex.1974Theft of mail by Postal employee, 18 U.S.C. § 1709 Vincent Anthony BurgioC. D. Calif.1972Possession of counterfeit government obligations, 18 U.S.C. § 472 Thomas Earl BurtonE. D. Va.1982Attempted possession with intent to distribute cocaine, 21 U.S.C. §§ 841(a)(1) and 846 Jesse CuevasD. Neb.1984Unauthorized possession of food stamps, 7 U.S.C. § 2024(b) Harry Erla FoxU.S. Army summary and special courts- martial1961Absence without leave, Article 86, U.C.M.J. James William GardnerD. Wyo.1983Conspiracy to distribute cocaine, 21 U.S.C. §§ 846 and 841(a)(1) Alejandro Cruz GuedeaU.S. Army general court-martial1949Larceny of government property Sebraien Michael HaygoodE. D. N. Y.1982Importation of cocaine, 21 U.S.C. §§ 952(a) and 960(a)(1) Warren Curtis Hultgren, Jr.W. D. Tex.1982Conspiracy to possess with intent to distribute cocaine, 21 U.S.C. §§ 846 and 841(a)(1) Sharon Sue Johnson E. D. Ark.1986Bank embezzlement, 18 U.S.C. § 656 Ronald Ray KellyU.S. Marine Corps special court-martial1969Unauthorized absences, escape from lawful custody, and breaking restriction Francis Dale KnipplingD. So. Dak.1985Conversion of mortgaged property, 18 U.S.C. § 658 Michael Ray KrukarD. Alaska1988Unlawful distribution of marijuana, 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) Michael Francis LarkinD. Mass.1984False statements to HUD, 18 U.S.C. §§ 2 and 1001 Leslie Jan McCallW. D. Okla.1988Use of telephone to facilitate cocaine distribution, 21 U.S.C. § 843(b) Bobby Joe MillerE. D. Tex.1982Misprision of a felony, 18 U.S.C. § 4 William Edward PayneD. Ore.1965Willful attempt to evade excise tax on wagers, 26 U.S.C. § 7201 Robert Earl RadkeC. D. Calif.1981Willful attempt to evade income taxes, 26 U.S.C. § 7201 David Walter RatliffN. D. Okla.1981Making false statement to the government, 18 U.S.C. § 1001 Billy Wayne Reynolds E. D. Tex.1981Mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. § 1341 Benito Maldonado Sanchez, Jr.W. D. Tex.1960Possession of marijuana without payment of transfer tax, 26 U.S.C. § 4744(1) Vicki Lynn SealsW. D. Tex.1984Making a false statement to a federally insured bank while an employee of that bank, 18 U.S.C.§ 1005 (fka Vicki Lynn Miller) Lewis Craig SeymourW. D. Okla.1979Distribution of Phencyclidine (PCP), 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) Irving A. SmithD. Md.1957Conspiracy to engage in price-fixing, 15 U.S.C. §§ 1 and 2 (Sherman Act) Darrin Paul SobinE. D. Calif.1987Conspiracy to manufacture marijuana, 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) Monty Mac StewartW. D. Okla.1983Conspiracy to defraud U.S. and counties within Oklahoma, mail fraud, and aiding and abetting filing a false income tax return, 18 U.S.C. §§ 2, 371, and 1341, and 26 U.S.C. § 7206(1) Kevin Lester TekerW. D. Wash.1989Maliciously damaging property used in an activity affecting interstate commerce by means of an explosive, 18 U.S.C. § 844(i) John Timothy ThompsonW. D. Okla.1986Use of the telephone to facilitate cocaine distribution, 21 U.S.C. § 843(b) Paul Loy TobinS. D. Ala.1968Interstate transportation of stolen motor vehicle, 18 U.S.C. § 2312 Gerald William WachterE. D. Pa.1974Conspiracy to cause stolen goods to be transported in interstate commerce, 18 U.S.C. § 371 Marian Lane WolfN. D. Tex.1988Misprision of a felony, 18 U.S.C. § 4 Samuel Harrell Woodard1. U.S. Air Force summary court-martial1. 19521. Absent without leave 2. S. D. Ga.2. 19552. Theft from an interstate shipment, 18 U.S.C. § 659 19-Feb-99 NAMEDISTRICTSENTENCEDOFFENSE Henry Ossian FlipperU.S. Army general court-martial1891Conduct unbecoming an officer 23-Dec-99 NAMEDISTRICTSENTENCEDOFFENSE Meredith Marcus Appleton, IIW. D. Okla.1990Conspiracy to possess with intent to distribute cocaine and to distribute cocaine, 21 U.S.C. § 846 Steven Laurence BarnettE. D. Calif.1987Misapplication of bank funds and aiding and abetting the same, 18 U.S.C. §§ 2 and 657 Russell Carl CliftonN. D. Calif.1977Transmission of a false distress signal, 47 U.S.C. § 325 (misdemeanor) Albert McMullen CoxS. D. Ga.1987Bribery of a public official, 18 U.S.C. § 201(b) Bernard Earl CrandallC. D. Ill.1985Theft from interstate shipment, 18 U.S.C. § 659 Eugene Harold Del CarloN. D. Calif.1979Conspiracy and blackmail, 18 U.S.C. §§ 371 and 873 (misdemeanors) Kenneth Lee DeustermanD. Minn.1991False statement to HUD, 18 U.S.C. § 1012 (misdemeanor) Frank Allen ElsE. D. Wash.1976Possession of an unregistered firearm, 26 U.S.C. § 5861(d) Arthur Neil EvansN. D. Calif.1954Protecting and assisting a deserter from the U.S. Army, 18 U.S.C. § 1381 Elizabeth Marie Frederick (fka Elizabeth Sigmon)D. So. Dak.1987Distribution and possession with intent to distribute cocaine, 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) Jackie Lynn GanoN. D. Iowa1976Receiving money or benefits through transactions of federal credit institution with intent to defraud while officer or employee of institution, 18 U.S.C. § 1006 Daniel Clifton Gilmour, Jr.D. So. Car.1985Importation of marijuana, 21 U.S.C. §§ 952(a), 960, 963, and 18 U.S.C. § 2 Michael Lee GilmourD. So. Car.1985Importation of marijuana, 21 U.S.C. §§ 952(a), 960, 963, and 18 U.S.C. § 2 Theodore Avram GoodmanS. D. Calif.1981Unauthorized sale of government property, 18 U.S.C. § 641 Michael Charles JorgensenD. N. Mex.1981Misprision of a felony, 18 U.S.C. § 4 Leonard Charles KampfE. D. Va.1990Conveyance of government property without authority, 18 U.S.C. § 641 Kenneth Marshall KnullNavy general court-martial1976Disobeying a lawful general order, negligently suffering destruction of military property, negligently hazarding two Naval vessels, Articles 92, 108, and 110, UCMJ Reza Arabian MalekiD. No. Dak.1984Conspiracy to make false statements to INS; false statements to INS, and aiding and abetting the same, 18 U.S.C. §§ 2, 371, and 1001 William Ronald McGuireE. D. N. Y.1978Income tax evasion, 26 U.S.C. § 7201 Freddie MeeksNavy general court-martial1944Making a mutiny during wartime Steven Dwayne MillerE. D. Tex.1985Possession of counterfeit Federal Reserve notes with intent to sell or otherwise use same, 18 U.S.C. § 474 Jodie David MorelandW. D. La.1987Conspiracy to possess with intent to distribute marijuana, 21 U.S.C. §§ 841(a)(1), 841(b)(6), and 846 Lloyd Robert OdellE. D. Wash.1983Theft of government property, 18 U.S.C. § 641 John Richard PalubickiE. D. Wis.1988Conspiracy to defraud the IRS; income tax evasion, 18 U.S.C. § 371 and 26 U.S.C. § 7201 Patricia Ann PalubickiE. D. Wis.1988Conspiracy to defraud the IRS; income tax evasion, 18 U.S.C. § 371 and 26 U.S.C. § 7201 Mark Edwin PixleyD. Oregon1991Aiding in the manufacture, by cultivation, of marijuana, 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) and 18 U.S.C. § 2 Theodore Alfred RhoneD. Dist. Col.1987Wire fraud and aiding and abetting same, 18 U.S.C. §§ 2 and 1343 Warren David SametS. D. Fla.1968Transporting, concealing, and facilitating the transportation of marijuana that was acquired without paying the tax imposed, 26 U.S.C. § 4744(a)(2) Steven Elliott SkormanN. D. Ga.1972Distributing lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) Ronald Marsh SmithArmy general court-martial1977Stealing mail matter, Article 134, UCMJ Richard Beauchamp SteeleS. D. Tex.1989Conspiracy to eliminate competition by fixing prices in interstate commerce, 15 U.S.C. § 1 Christine Ann Summerbell (fka Christine Ann McKeown)W. D. Wis.1984Theft of mail by postal employee, 18 U.S.C. § 1709 Robert A. SuvinoW. D. Ark.1988Conspiracy to commit mail fraud and mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. §§ 371 and 1341 Daniel Larry Thomas, Jr.N. D. Ohio1987Illegal use of a communication facility to distribute cocaine, 21 U.S.C. § 843 Howard Edwin WalravenW. D. Ark.1968Theft from an interstate shipment, 18 U.S.C. § 659 Martin Harry WesenbergE. D. Wis.1964Willfully failing to pay the special occupational tax on wagering, and aiding and abetting the same, 26 U.S.C. § 7203 and 18 U.S.C. § 2 (misdemeanor) Virgil Edwin WestN. D. Okla.1982Mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. §§ 2 and 1341 19-Feb-00 NAMEDISTRICTSENTENCEDOFFENSE Preston Theodore King1. M.D. Ga.1. 19611Failure to appear for physical examination; failure to appear for induction into the Armed Forces, 50 U.S.C. App. § 46 2. M.D. Ga.2. 1962 (indicted)2Bail jumping, 18 U.S.C. § 3146 15-Mar-00 NAMEDISTRICTSENTENCEDOFFENSE Gregory Leon CrosbyD. Maine1987Theft by postal employee, 18 U.S.C. § 1709 Everett Gale DagueN. D. Iowa1982Conspiracy to obstruct commerce by extortion, extortion, demanding or receiving illegal payments on behalf of a labor union, and demanding or accepting illegal unloading fees from a motor vehicle driver, 18 U.S.C. §§ 2 and 1951, 29 U.S.C. §§186(b)(1) and (2) Terry Stephen DullerW. D. Wis.1990Engaging in illegal gambling business, 18 U.S.C. § 1955; failure to pay excise tax, 26 U.S.C. § 7262 Richard George FryeD. Maine1973Knowingly shipping and transporting a firearm in interstate commerce, having been convicted of a felony, 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(g) and 924 Edgar Allen Gregory, Jr.S. D. Ala.1986Conspiracy to willfully misapply bank funds, make false statements to a bank, and commit wire fraud; misapplication of bank funds by person connected with a bank, 18 U.S.C. §§ 371, 656, and 2 Vonna Jo GregoryS. D. Ala.1986Conspiracy to willfully misapply bank funds, make false statements to a bank, and commit wire fraud; misapplication of bank funds by person connected with a bank, 18 U.S.C. §§ 371, 656, and 2 Carl David HamiltonE. D. Ark.1986Bank fraud, and conspiracy to commit wire and bank fraud, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1343 and 371 Charles Edward KirschnerD. Alaska1993Theft of bank property, 18 U.S.C. § 2113(b) Charles Douglas MeglaW. D. Ky.1980Mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1341 and 2 Owen Neil NordineD. Ariz.1963Interstate transportation of a stolen motor vehicle, 18 U.S.C. § 2312 William Thomas RohringD. Minn.1986Forgery of U.S. Treasury check, 18 U.S.C. § 510 Lawrence David ShareS. D. Calif.1975Conspiracy to commit securities fraud, sale of unregistered securities, and the use of manipulative devices in connection with the sale of securities, 18 U.S.C. §§ 371 and 2, and 15 U.S.C. §§ 77e(a), 77q(a), 77x, 78ff, and 78j(b) Wayne Cletus SteinkampN. D. Iowa1988Conspiracy in restraint of trade in interstate commerce, 15 U.S.C. § 1 Peter John ThomasD. Del.1978Conspiracy to possess cocaine with intent to distribute, 21 U.S.C. § 846 Heather Elizabeth WilsonE. D. Okla.1993Use of telephone to facilitate commission of drug-trafficking felony, 21 U.S.C. § 843(b) (fka Heather Elizabeth Calvin) Donna Marie Yellow OwlD. Montana1988False statements, 18 U.S.C. § 1001 (fka Donna Marie Coursey) 7-Jul-00 NAMEDISTRICTSENTENCEDOFFENSE Carl Stanley GilbreathN. D. Ga.1971Interstate transportation of a stolen motor vehicle, 18 U.S.C. § 2312 Claudette Dean GoodsonE. D. No. Car.1986Aiding and abetting embezzlement of government funds, 18 U.S.C. §§ 641 and 2 (fka Claudette Goodson Findeisen) Dane Robert HesslingS. D. Ohio1987Conspiracy to distribute and possess with intent to distribute cocaine, 21 U.S.C. § 846, and distribution and possession with intent to distribute cocaine, 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) Elwood Dwight HopkinsD. New Jersey19621. Theft of government property, 18 U.S.C. § 641 2. Mutilation of coins, 18 U.S.C. § 331 Thomas Vernon Jones D. Wyo.1989Filing a false tax return 26 U.S.C. § 7206(1) Madison Dow Kimball, Jr.W. D. Ark.1983Bank robbery, 18 U.S.C. § 2113(a) Cynthia Lou LeBlancN. D. Tex.1978Conspiracy to distribute and possess methaqualone, 21 U.S.C. § 846 (fka Cynthia Lou Gallagher) Peter Thomas LippsC. D. Calif.1981Possession of counterfeit government obligation, 18 U.S.C. § 472 John Carroll MichiaelsN. D. Ind.1989Purloining and coverting property of the United States Environmental Protection Agency, and aiding and abetting therein, 18 U.S.C. §§ 641 and 2 Richard Edwin SacchiM. D. Fla.1989Conspiracy to possess cocaine with intent to distribute, 21 U.S.C. §§ 841(a)(1) and 846 Horace Carroll SmithD. So. Car.1992Conspiracy to violate the federal securities laws, 18 U.S.C. §§ 371 and 2 Tammy Lawan TallantE. D. Okla.1991Misprision of a felony, 18 U.S.C. § 4 Carl Dennis WarenW. D. Ark.1980Interstate transportation of stolen motor vehicles, 18 U.S.C. § 2314 Robert Alexander Warr D. So. Car.1982False statements, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1001 and 2 James H. Wetzel, Jr.E. D. La.1981Conspiracy to distribute cocaine, 18 U.S.C. § 371, and 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) Diane Mae ZemanE. D. N. Y.1981Use of a telephone to facilitate importation of hashish oil, 21 U.S.C. § 843(b) (aka Diane Mae Moseman) 20-Oct-00 NAMEDISTRICTSENTENCEDOFFENSE William Oshel Casto, IIIE. D. Wis.1984Embezzlement by a bank employee, 18 U.S.C. § 656 Donald Demerest HallD. Del1974Misapplication of bank funds by an employee, 18 U.S.C. § 656 Cheryl Ada Elizabeth LittleS. D. Fla.1978Conspiracy with intent to distribute a controlled substance, 21 U.S.C. §§ 846 and 841(a)(1) Joe Clint McMillanM. D. No. Car.1992Conspiracy to violate the Sherman Antitrust Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1 Jeralyn Kay RustD. Minn.1990Wire fraud, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1343 and 2 Jane Marie SchoffstallS. D. Calif.1989Possession with intent to distribute a controlled substance (methamphetamine), 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) William Calvin Smith, Jr.E. D. Pa.1970Interstate transportation of a stolen motor vehicle, 18 U.S.C. § 2312 21-Nov-00 NAMEDISTRICTSENTENCEDOFFENSE Glen David CurryS. D. Ala.1982Conspiracy to distribute and possess with intent to distribute cocaine, distributing and possessing with intent to distribute cocaine, and using a telephone to facilitate distribution of cocaine, 21 U.S.C. §§ 841(a)(1), 843(b), and 846 Dave Meyer Hartson, IIIE. D. La.1993Mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1341 and 2 Carl Edward KarstetterM. D. Pa.1992Conversion of government property, 18 U.S.C. § 641 Donald Spencer LewisS. D. Tex.1991False statements to a government agency, 18 U.S.C. § 1001 Walter Sidney OrlinskyD. Md.1982Extortion under color of official right, 18 U.S.C. § 1951 Howard Charles PetersenD. Neb.1971Embezzlement by a bank employee and making false entries in a bank's records, 18 U.S.C. §§ 656 and 1005 John Laurence SilviD. New Jersey1992Conspiracy to make unlawful payments to a union official, 18 U.S.C. § 371, 29 U.S.C. § 186 Laurence John Silvi, IID. New Jersey1992Conspiracy to bribe a union official, 18 U.S.C. § 371, 29 U.S.C. § 186 John Donald VoddeN. D. Ind.1989Possession and distribution of cocaine, and aiding and abetting, 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) and 18 U.S.C. § 2 Melinda Kay Stewart VoddeN. D. Ind.1989Distribution of cocaine, and aiding and abetting, 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) and 18 U.S.C. § 2 Philip Donald WinnD. Dist. Col.1994Conspiracy to give illegal gratuities, 18 U.S.C. § 371 22-Dec-00 NAMEDISTRICTSENTENCEDOFFENSE Jimmy Lee AllenW. D. Ark.1990False statements to agency of United States, 15 U.S.C. § 714m(a) Virgil Lamoin BakerE. D. (now S. D.) Ill.1959Violation of the Military Training and Service Act, 50 U.S.C. App. § 462 Garran Dee BarkerE. D. Ark1986Conspiracy to commit bank and wire fraud, 18 U.S.C. § 371 Nancy M. BaxterW. D. Va.1990Tax evasion and filing a false amended tax return; 26 U.S.C. §§ 7201 and 7206(1) Charles N. BesserN. D. Ill1985Mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. § 1341 Harlan Richard BillingsD. Maine1985Conspiracy to possess with intent to distribute in excess of 1,000 pounds of marijuana, 21 U.S.C. § 846 Edward Raymond BirdseyeE. D. Calif.1992Unlawful use of a communication facility, 21 U.S.C. § 843(b) Roscoe Crosby Blunt, Jr.Army court-martial1945Fraternization, Article of War 96 Charles Edward BoggsE. D. Ark.1977Receiving a stolen motor vehicle which was part of interstate commerce, 18 U.S.C. § 2313 Terry Coy BonnerN. D. W. Va.1986Possession of an illegally made destructive device, 26 U.S.C. § 5861(c) Alfred Whitney Brown, IIIE. D. La.1992Illegal sale of wildlife by allowing hunting over a baited field, 16 U.S.C. §§ 3372(a)(1), 3372(c)(1)(A), and 3373(d)(1)(B), and 18 U.S.C. § 2 William Robert CarpenterN. D. Calif.1991Possession of marijuana with intent to distribute, 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) Philip Vito DiGirolamoN. D. Calif.1984Conspiracy to import marijuana, 21 U.S.C. § 963; willfully subscribing to a false tax return, 26 U.S.C. § 7206(1) Peter Welling DionisN. D. N. Y.1976Conspiracy, importation, and possession with intent to distribute hashish, 21 U.S.C. §§ 841(a)(1), 952(a), and 963, and 18 U.S.C. § 2 Darrin Dean DornS. D. Iowa1981Conspiracy to damage property by means and use of an explosive, 18 U.S.C. § 371 Peter Bailey GimbelS. D. N. Y.1991Conspiracy to distribute cocaine, 21 U.S.C. § 846 Philip Joseph GrandmaisonD. New Hamp.1996Mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1341 and 1346 Joe Robert GristW. D. Tex.1990Misapplication of funds by a bank employee, 18 U.S.C. § 656 LeRoy Kenneth Hartung, Jr. D. Nev.1986Interception of wire communications, 18 U.S.C. § 2511(1)(a) Joseph Riddick Hendrick, IIIW. D. No. Car.1997Mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. § 1341 Judd Blair HirschbergN. D. Ill.1991Mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. § 1341 Robert Quinn HoustonS. D. Miss.1986Conspiracy to obstruct commerce by extortion, 18 U.S.C. § 1951(a) Martin Joseph HughesN. D. Ohio1987Aiding and abetting the falsification of union records, aiding and assisting in the submission of false tax records, making false statements to a government agency, 29 U.S.C. § 439(c) and 18 U.S.C. § 2, 26 U.S.C. § 7204, 18 U.S.C. § 1001 (as modified) Jere Wayne JohnsonW. D. Okla.1982Conspiracy to defraud the United States and Garfield County, Oklahoma, while serving as a county commissioner, 18 U.S.C. § 371 Michael Thomas JohnsonS. D. Miss.1987Filing false tax returns, 26 U.S.C. § 7206(1) Daniel Wayne KeysS. D. Tex.1977Possession with intent to distribute marijuana, 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) Larry Ray KilloughE. D. Ark.1985Unlawful distribution of prescription drugs, 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) Jack KligmanE. D. Pa.1985Conspiracy and mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. §§ 371 and 1341 Hector Osvaldo LabagnaraD. New Jersey1976Conspiracy to transport stolen motor vehicles in interstate commerce, to receive and sell stolen motor vehicles, to transport false vehicle registrations in interstate commerce, and to receive and dispose of false vehicle registrations; receipt and sale of stolen motor vehicles; 18 U.S.C. §§ 371 and 2313 Moses Jubilee Lestz W. D. Ark.1982Forgery of United States savings bond, 18 U.S.C. § 495 (fka Michael Eugene Lestz) Leon Lee LiebscherW. D. Okla.1982Conspiracy to defraud the United States (tax evasion), 18 U.S.C. § 371 Pierluigi ManciniN. D. Ga.1985Possession of cocaine with intent to distribute, 21 U.S.C. § 841(a) John Ross McCown, Jr.D. Neb.1992Structuring of transactions to evade reporting requirements, 31 U.S.C. §§ 5324(3) and 5322(b) and 18 U.S.C. § 2 Edward Francis McKenna, IIIS. D. Miss.1993Possession with intent to distribute anabolic steroids, 21 U.S.C. § 333(e)(1) Andrew Kirkpatrick Mearns, IIID. Del.1978Conspiracy to distribute and possess with intent to distribute cocaine, 21 U.S.C. §§ 846 and 841 Ralph Eugene MeczykN. D. Ill.1987Filing false partnership and individual federal income tax returns, and aiding and abetting therein, 26 U.S.C. § 7206(1) and 18 U.S.C. § 2 Philip James MorinW. D. Tex.1984Distribution of cocaine; 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) Thomas Edward Nash, Jr.W. D. No. Car.1988Conspiracy to restrain interstate trade and commerce, 15 U.S.C. § 1 Roger Lee NelsonD. Neb.1981Aiding and abetting mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1341 and 2 Jose Rene Pineda-Martinez1. S. D. Tex.1. 19831Entering U.S. without inspection (misdemeanor), 8 U.S.C. § 1325 2. S. D. Tex.2. 19832Transporting an illegal alien within the U.S., 8 U.S.C. § 1324(a)(2) 3. S. D. Tex.3. 19843Transporting an illegal alien within the U.S., 8 U.S.C. § 1324(a)(2) John Russell RaupAir Force general court-martial1984Larceny of government property and wrongful possession of marijuana; U.C.M.J. Articles 121 and 134 James William RogersD. So. Car.1983 (as modified)Conspiracy to commit racketeering, 18 U.S.C. § 1962(d) George Wisham Roper, IIE. D. Va.1974Conspiracy to bribe public officials and to defraud the United States government, 18 U.S.C. § 371 Daniel RostenkowskiD. Dist. Col.1996Mail fraud (two counts), 18 U.S.C. §§ 1341 and 1346 Dean Raymond RushW. D. Tex.1993False statements on a loan application, 18 U.S.C. § 1014 Archibald R. Schaffer, IIID. Dist. Col.2000Violation of the Meat Inspection Act, 21 U.S.C. § 622 Anthony Andrew SchmidtD. Kan.1985Conspiracy to possess and distribute cocaine, 21 U.S.C. §§ 841(a)(1) and 846 Stanley SiroteE. D. N. Y.1974Bribery of a public official, 18 U.S.C. § 201(f) Dent Elwood Snider, Jr.D. Colo.1981Use of a telephone to facilitate the distribution of cocaine, 21 U.S.C. § 843(b) James Lawrence SwisherM. D. No. Car.1977Obstruction of a criminal investigation, 18 U.S.C. § 1510 Larry Kalvy ThompsonN. D. Tex.1988Aiding and abetting misapplication of bank funds, misprision of a felony, 18 U.S.C. §§ 2, 4, and 657 Stephanie Marie VetterD. New Mex.1979Possession with intent to distribute methamphetamine, 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) Danny Ray WalkerE. D. Ark.1975Interstate transportation of stolen property, 18 U.S.C. § 2316 Thomas Andrew WarrenS. D. Fla.1975Conspiracy to import marijuana, 21 U.S.C. § 963 Michael Lynn WeatherfordE. D. No. Car.1986Aiding and abetting interstate travel in aid of racketeering, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1952(a) and 2 Jack WeinsteinD. Nev.1975Conspiracy and interstate transportation of stolen property, 18 U.S.C. §§ 371, 2314, and 2 Robert Owen WilsonM. D. Tenn.1980Mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. § 1341 Charles Elvin WitherspoonE. D. Tex.1977Embezzlement of bank funds, 18 U.S.C. § 656 Charles Z. Yonce, Jr.D. So. Car.1988Conspiracy to possess with intent to distribute cocaine and aiding and abetting therein, 21 U.S.C. §§ 841(a)(1), 846, and 841(b)(1)(B), and 18 U.S.C. § 2 20-Jan-01 NAMEDISTRICTSENTENCEDOFFENSE Verla Jean Allen W. D. Ark.1990False statements to agency of United States, 15 U.S.C. § 714m(a) Bernice Ruth AltschulD. Ariz.1992Conspiracy to commit money laundering, 18 U.S.C. § 371 Nicholas M. AltiereS. D. Fla.1983Importation of cocaine, 21 U.S.C. §§ 952(a)(1) and 960(a)(1) Joe Anderson, Jr.S. D. Ala.1988Income tax evasion, 26 U.S.C. § 7201 William Sterling AndersonD. So. Car.1987Conspiracy to defraud a federally insured financial institution, false statements to a federally insured financial institution, wire fraud, 18 U.S.C. §§ 2, 371, 1014, and 1343 Mansour T. AzizkhaniW. D. Okla.1984Conspiracy and making false statements in bank loan applications, 18 U.S.C. §§ 371, 1014 Cleveland Victor Babin, Jr.W. D. Okla.1987Conspiracy to commit offense against the United States by utilizing the U.S. mail in furtherance of a scheme to defraud, 18 U.S.C. § 371 Chris Harmon BagleyW. D. Okla.1989Conspiracy to possess with intent to distribute cocaine, 21 U.S.C. § 846 Scott Lynn BaneC. D. Ill.1984Unlawful distribution of marijuana, 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) and 18 U.S.C. § 2 Thomas Cleveland BarberM. D. Fla.1977Issuing worthless checks, 18 U.S.C. §§ 7 and 13 Peggy Ann BargonC. D. Ill.1995Violation of Lacey Act, violation of Bald Eagle Protection Act, 16 U.S.C. §§ 3372(a)(1), 3373(d)(2), and 668(a); 18 U.S.C. § 2 Tansukhlal BhatkaW. D. Ark.1991Filing fraudulent income tax returns, 26 U.S.C. § 7201 David Roscoe BlampiedD. Idaho1979Conspiracy to distribute cocaine, 26 U.S.C. § 846 William Arthur Borders, Jr.N. D. Ga.1982Conspiracy to corruptly solicit and accept money in return for influencing the official acts of a federal district court judge, and to defraud the United States in connection with the performance of lawful government functions; corruptly influencing, obstructing, impeding, and endeavoring to influence, obstruct, and impede the due administration of justice, and aiding and abetting therein; traveling interstate with intent to commit bribery, 18 U.S.C. §§ 371, 1503, 2, and 1952 Arthur David BorelE. D. Ark.1991Odometer rollback, 15 U.S.C. § 1984 Douglas Charles BorelE. D. Ark.1991Odometer rollback, 15 U.S.C. § 1984 George Thomas BrabhamE. D. Tex.1989Making a false statement or report to a federally insured bank, 18 U.S.C. § 1014 Almon Glenn Braswell1. N. D. Ga.1. 19831. Mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. § 1341 2. N. D. Ga.2. 19832. Perjury, 18 U.S.C. § 1623 3. N. D. Ga.3. 19833. Filing false income tax return, 26 U.S.C. § 7206(1) Leonard BrowderD. So. Car.1990Illegal dispensing of controlled substance and Medicaid fraud, 21 U.S.C. §§ 827(a)(3), 843(a)(3), 843(a)(4)(A), and 843(c); 18 U.S.C. §§ 1341 and 2 David Steven BrownS. D. N. Y.1987Securities fraud and mail fraud, 15 U.S.C. §§ 78j(b) and 78ff; 18 U.S.C. §§ 1341 and 2; 17 C.F.R. §240.106-5 Delores Caroylene BurlesonE. D. Okla.1978Possession of marijuana, 21 U.S.C. § 844(a) John H. BustamanteN. D. Ohio1993Wire fraud, 18 U.S.C. § 1343 Mary Louise CampbellN. D. Miss.1988Aiding and abetting the unauthorized use and transfer of food stamps, 18 U.S.C. § 2 and 7 U.S.C. § 2024(b) Eloida CandelariaD. New Mex.1992False information in registering to vote, 42 U.S.C. § 1973i(c) Dennis Sobrevinas CapiliE. D. Calif.1990Filing false statements in alien registration, 8 U.S.C. § 1306(c) Donna Denise ChambersE. D. Wis.1986Conspiracy to possess with intent to distribute and to distribute cocaine, possession with intent to distribute cocaine, use of a telephone to facilitate cocaine conspiracy, 21 U.S.C. §§ 846, 841(a)(1), and 843(b) Douglas Eugene ChapmanE. D. Ark.1993Bank fraud, 18 U.S.C. § 1344 Ronald Keith ChapmanE. D. Ark.1993Bank fraud, 18 U.S.C. § 1344 Francisco Larios ChavezS. D. Calif.1986Aiding and abetting illegal entry of aliens, 8 U.S.C. § 1325 and 18 U.S.C. § 2 Henry G. CisnerosD. Dist. Col.1999False statement (misdemeanor), 18 U.S.C. § 1018 Roger Clinton1. W. D. Ark.1. 19851. Conspiracy to distribute cocaine, 21 U.S.C. § 846 2. W.D. Ark.2. 19852. Distribution of cocaine, 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) Stuart Harris CohnS. D. N. Y.1983Illegal sale of commodity options, 7 U.S.C. §§ 6c(c) and 13(b), and 18 U.S.C. § 2 David M. CooperN. D. Ohio1992Conspiracy to defraud the government, 18 U.S.C. § 371 Ernest Harley Cox, Jr.E. D. Ark.1991Conspiracy to defraud a federally insured savings and loan, misapplication of bank funds, false statements, 18 U.S.C. §§ 371, 657, and 1014 John F. Cross, Jr.E. D. Ark.1995Embezzlement, 18 U.S.C. § 656 Rickey Lee CunninghamS. D. Tex.1973Possession with intent to distribute marijuana, 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) Richard Anthony De LabioD. Md.1977Mail fraud, aiding and abetting, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1341 and 2 John DeutchD. Dist. Col.2001 informationOffenses charged in January 19, 2001, information Richard DouglasN. D. Calif.1998False statements to a government agent, 18 U.S.C. § 1001 Edward Reynolds Downe, Jr.S. D. N. Y.1993Conspiracy to commit wire fraud and to subscribe to false income tax returns, securities fraud, 18 U.S.C. § 371 and 15 U.S.C. §§ 78p and 78ff Marvin Dean DudleyD. Neb.1992False statements, 18 U.S.C. § 1014 Larry Lee DuncanW. D. Okla.1992Altering an automobile odometer, 15 U.S.C. § 1984 Robert Clinton FainE. D. Ark.1982Aiding and assisting in the preparation and filing of a false corporate tax return, 26 U.S.C. § 7206(2) Marcos Arcenio FernandezS. D. Fla.1980Conspiracy to possess with intent to distribute marijuana, 21 U.S.C. § 846 Alvarez Ferrouillet1. E. D. La.1. 19971Interstate transportation of stolen property, 18 U.S.C. § 2314; money laundering, 18 U.S.C. § 1956(a)(1) (b)(i); engaging in a monetary transaction with criminally derived property, 18 U.S.C. § 1957; false statements to government agents, 18 U.S.C. § 1001 2. N. D. Miss.2. 19972Conspiracy to make false statements to a financial institution, 18 U.S.C. §§ 371 and 1014 William Denis FugazyS. D. N. Y.1997Perjury in a bankruptcy proceeding, 18 U.S.C. § 152 Lloyd Reid GeorgeE. D. Ark.1997Aiding and abetting mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1341 and 2 Louis GoldsteinN. D. Ill.1985Possession of goods stolen from interstate shipment, 18 U.S.C. § 659 Rubye Lee GordonM. D. Ga.1974Forgery of U.S. Treasury checks, 18 U.S.C. § 495 Pincus GreenS. D. N. Y.1984 superseding indictmentWire fraud, mail fraud, racketeering, racketeering conspiracy, criminal forfeiture, income tax evasion, and trading with Iran in violation of trade embargo, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1343, 1341, 1962(c), 1962(d), 1963, and 2; 26 U.S.C. § 7201, 50 U.S.C. § 1705, and 31 C.F.R. §§ 535.206(a)(4), 535.208 and 535.701 Robert Ivey HamnerC. D. Ill.1986Conspiracy to distribute marijuana, possession of marijuana with intent to distribute, 21 U.S.C. §§ 846 and 841(a)(1) Samuel Price HandleyW. D. Ky.1963Conspiracy to steal government property, 18 U.S.C. § 371 Woodie Randolph HandleyW. D. Ky.1963Conspiracy to steal government property, 18 U.S.C. § 371 Jay Houston Harmon1. E. D. Ark.1. 19821Conspiracy to import marijuana, conspiracy to possess marijuana with intent to distribute, importation of marijuana, possession of marijuana with intent to distribute, 21 U.S.C. §§ 963, 846, 952, and 841(a) 2. M. D. Ga.2. 19862Conspiracy to import cocaine, 21 U.S.C. §§ 952, 960, and 963 John J. HemmingsonE. D. La.1997Interstate transportation of stolen property, 18 U.S.C. § 2314; money laundering, 18 U.S.C. § 1956(a)(1)(b)(i); engaging in a monetary transaction with criminally derived property, 18 U.S.C. § 1957 David S. HerdlingerW. D. Ark.1986Mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. § 1341 Debi Rae Huckleberry, D. Utah1986Distribution of methamphetamine, 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) (fka Debi Rae VanDenakker) Donald Ray JamesW. D. Tenn.1983Mail fraud, wire fraud, and false statements to a bank to influence credit approval, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1341, 1343, and 1014 Stanley Pruet JobeW. D. Tex.1994Conspiracy to commit bank fraud, bank fraud, 18 U.S.C. §§ 371, 1005, 1014, and 1344 Ruben H. JohnsonW. D. Tex.1989Theft and misapplication of bank funds by a bank officer or director (13 counts), 18 U.S.C. § 656 Linda Jones, N. D. Tex.1998Conspiracy to commit bank fraud, to make a false statement to a bank, to launder monetary instruments, and to engage in monetary transactions in property derived from specific unlawful activity; aiding and abetting bank fraud; aiding and abetting false statements to a bank; aiding and abetting laundering monetary instruments; aiding and abetting engaging in monetary transactions in property derived from specific unlawful activity; obstruction of justice; falsifying, concealing and covering up a material fact by trick, scheme, or device; making a false statement; 18 U.S.C. §§ 2, 371, 1001, 1014, 1344(1) and (2), 1503, 1956(a)(1)(A)(i) and (B)(i), and 1957 (fka Linda D. Medlar) James Howard LakeD. Dist. Col.1998Illegal corporate campaign contributions (two counts), wire fraud, 2 U.S.C. §§ 437g(d)(1)(A), 441b(a), and 441f, and 18 U.S.C. §§ 2, 1343, and 1346 June Louise LewisN. D. Ohio1991Embezzlement by a bank employee, 18 U.S.C. § 656 Salim Bonnor LewisS. D. N. Y.1989Securities fraud, record keeping violations, margin violations, 15 U.S.C. §§ 78ff, 78g(a), 78g(f), and 78j(b), and 18 U.S.C. § 2 John Leighton LodwickW. D. Mo.1968Income tax evasion, 26 U.S.C. § 7201 Hildebrando LopezS. D. Tex.1981Distribution of cocaine, 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) Jose Julio Luaces, Jr. S. D. Fla.1989Possession of an unregistered firearm, 26 U.S.C. §§ 5861(d) and 5871 James Timothy ManessW. D. Tenn.1985Conspiracy to distribute Valium, 21 U.S.C. §§ 846 and 841(a)(1) James Lowell ManningE. D. Ark.1982Aiding and assisting in the preparation of a false corporate income tax return, 26 U.S.C. § 7206(2) John Robert MartinN. D. Fla.1987Income tax evasion, 26 U.S.C. § 7201 Frank Ayala MartinezW. D. Tex.1989Conspiracy to supply false documents to the Immigration and Naturalization Service, 18 U.S.C. § 371 Silvia Leticia Beltran MartinezW. D. Tex.1989Conspiracy to supply false documents to the Immigration and Naturalization Service, 18 U.S.C. § 371 John Francis McCormickD. Mass.1988Racketeering, racketeering conspiracy, aiding and abetting Hobbjay houston harmons Act extortion (five counts), 18 U.S.C. §§ 1962(c) and (d), 1951, and 2 Susan H. McDougalE. D. Ark.1996Mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. § 1341; aiding and abetting in misapplication of Small Business Investment Corporation funds, 18 U.S.C. §§ 657 and 2; aiding and abetting in making false entries, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1006 and 2; aiding and abetting in making false statements, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1014 and 2 Howard Lawrence Mechanic, (aka Gary Robert Tredway)1. E. D. Mo.1. 19701Violating the Civil Disobedience Act of 1968, 18 U.S.C. § 213(a) 2. D. Ariz.2. 20002Failure to appear, 18 U.S.C. § 3150 3. D. Ariz.3. 20003Making a false statement in acquiring a passport, 18 U.S.C. § 1542 Brook K. Mitchell, Sr.D. Dist. Col.1999Conspiracy to illegally obtain USDA subsidy payments, false statements to USDA (two counts), false entries on USDA forms, 15 U.S.C. §§ 741m(d), 714m(a), and 714m(b)(ii); 18 U.S.C. § 2 Charles Wilfred Morgan, IIIW. D. Ark.1984Conspiracy to distribute cocaine, 18 U.S.C. § 371 Samuel Loring MorisonD. Md.1985Willful transmission of defense information, unauthorized possession and retention of defense information, theft of government property, 18 U.S.C. §§ 641, 793(d), and 793(e) Richard Anthony NazzaroD. Mass.1988Perjury and conspiracy to commit mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. §§ 371 and 1623 Charlene Ann NosenkoN. D. Ill.1990Conspiracy to defraud the United States, and influencing or injuring an officer or juror generally, 18 U.S.C. §§ 371 and 1503 Vernon Raymond ObermeierS. D. Ill.1989Conspiracy to distribute cocaine, distribution of cocaine, and using a communications facility to facilitate distribution of cocaine, 21 U.S.C. §§ 846, 841(a)(1), and 843(b) Miguelina OgaldeD. Puerto Rico1981Conspiracy to import cocaine, 21 U.S.C. §§ 952(a) and 963 David C. OwenD. Kans.1993Filing a false tax return, 26 U.S.C. § 7206(1) Robert William Palmer E. D. Ark.1995Conspiracy to make false statements, 18 U.S.C. § 371 Kelli Anne Perhosky W. D. Pa.1989Conspiracy to commit mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. § 371 (fka Kelli Anne Flynn) Richard H. PezzopaneN. D. Ill.1988Conspiracy to commit racketeering, mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1962(d) and 1341 Orville Rex PhillipsW. D. Tex.1991Unlawful structuring of a financial transaction, 31 U.S.C. § 5324 Vinson Stewart Poling, Jr.D. Md.1980Making a false bank entry, and aiding and abetting, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1005 and 2 Normal Lyle ProuseD. Minn.1990Operating or directing the operation of a common carrier while under the influence of alcohol, 18 U.S.C. § 342 Willie H. H. Pruitt, Jr.U.S. Air Force special court-martial1954Absent without official leave, UCMJ Danny Martin Pursley, Sr.M. D. Tenn.1991Aiding and abetting the conduct of an illegal gambling business, and obstruction of state laws to facilitate illegal gambling, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1511, 1955, and 2 Charles D. RavenelD. So. Car.1996Conspiring to defraud the United States, 18 U.S.C. § 371 William Clyde RayW. D. Okla.1989Fraud using the telephone, 18 U.S.C. § 1343 Alfredo Luna RegaladoS. D. Tex.1987Failure to report the transportation of currency in excess of $10,000 into the United States, 31 U.S.C. § 5316(a)(1)(B) Ildefonso Reynes RicafortVeterans Administration Compensation and Pension Service1987Submission of false claims to Veterans Administration, 38 U.S.C. § 3503(a), now codified at 38 U.S.C. § 6103(a) Marc RichS. D. N. Y.1984 superseding indictmentWire fraud, mail fraud, racketeering, racketeering conspiracy, criminal forfeiture, income tax evasion, and trading with Iran in violation of trade embargo, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1343, 1341, 1962(c), 1962(d), 1963, and 2; 26 U.S.C. § 7201, 50 U.S.C. § 1705, and 31 C.F.R. §§ 535.206(a)(4), 535.208 and 535.701 Howard Winfield RiddleN. D. Tex.1989Violation of the Lacey Act (receipt of illegally imported animal skins), 18 U.S.C. § 545 Richard Wilson Riley, Jr.D. So. Car.1993Conspiring to possess with intent to distribute and to distribute marijuana and cocaine, 21 U.S.C. § 846 Samuel Lee RobbinsW. D. Tex.1990Misprision of a felony, 18 U.S.C. § 4 Joel Gonzales RodriguezS. D. Tex.1991Theft of mail by a postal employee, 18 U.S.C. § 1709 Michael James Rogers S. D. Tex.1977Conspiracy to possess with intent to distribute marijuana, 21 U.S.C. §§ 841(a)(1) and 846 Anna Louise RossN. D. Tex.1988Distribution of cocaine, 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1); 18 U.S.C. § 2 Gerald Glen RustE. D. Tex.1991False declarations before grand jury, 18 U.S.C. § 1623 Jerri Ann RustE. D. Tex.1991False declarations before grand jury, 18 U.S.C. § 1623 Bettye June RutherfordD. New Mex.1992Possession of marijuana with intent to distribute, 21 U.S.C. §§ 841(a)(1) and (b)(1)(D) Gregory Lee SandsD. So. Dak.1990Conspiracy to distribute cocaine, 21 U.S.C. §§ 841 and 846 Adolph SchwimmerS. D. Calif.1950Conspiracy to violate the Neutrality Act and export control laws, and conspiracy to export arms, ammunition, etc. to a foreign country, in violation of 18 U.S.C. §§ 88 (1946 ed.) and 371, 22 U.S.C. § 452, and 50 U.S.C. § 701 Albert A. Seretti, Jr.D. Nev.1983Conspiracy and wire fraud, 18 U.S.C. §§ 2, 371, 1343 Patricia Campbell Hearst ShawN. D. Calif.1976Armed bank robbery and using a firearm during a felony, 18 U.S.C. §§ 2113(a) and (d) and 924(c)(1) Dennis Joseph Smith1. U.S. Army summary court-martial1. 19511. Unauthorized absence 2. U.S. Army summary court-martial2. 19522. Failure to obey off limits instructions 3. U.S. Army special court-martial3. 19543. Unauthorized absence Gerald Owen SmithS. D. Miss.1956Armed bank robbery, 18 U.S.C. § 2113 Stephen A. SmithE. D. Ark.1996Conspiracy to misapply Small Business Administration loans, 18 U.S.C. § 371 Jimmie Lee SpeakeN. D. Tex.1976Conspiracy to possess and utter counterfeit $20 Federal Reserve notes, 18 U.S.C. § 371 Charles Bernard StewartM. D. Ga.1986Illegally destroying U.S. mail, 18 U.S.C. § 1703(a) Marlena Francisca Stewart-RollinsN. D. Ohio1989Conspiracy to distribute cocaine, 21 U.S.C. § 846 John Fife Symington, IIID. Ariz.1996 indictment; 1997 superseding indictmentFalse statements to federally insured financial institutions, wire fraud, attempted extortion, and false statements in bankruptcy proceeding, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1014, 1343, 1951, 152, 2(a) and 2(b) Richard Lee TannehillD. Colo.1990Conspiracy in restraint of trade, 15 U.S.C. § 1 Nicholas C. TenagliaE. D. Pa.1985Receipt of illegal payments under the Medicare Program, 42 U.S.C. § 1395nn(b)(1)(B) Gary Allen ThomasW. D. Tex.1987Theft of mail by postal employee, 18 U.S.C. § 1709 Larry Weldon ToddW. D. Tex.1983Conspiracy to commit an offense against the United States in violation of the Lacey Act and the Airborne Hunting Act, 18 U.S.C. § 371; 16 U.S.C. §§ 3372(a)(1), 3373(d)(1)(B), and 742j-1 Olga C. TrevinoW. D. Tex.1987Misapplication by a bank employee, 18 U.S.C. § 656 Ignatious VamvouklisD. New. Hamp.1991Possession of cocaine, 21 U.S.C. § 844(a) Patricia A. Van De WeerdW. D. Wis.1990Theft by U.S. postal employee, 18 U.S.C. § 1711 Christopher V. WadeE. D. Ark.1995Bank fraud and false statements on a loan application, 18 U.S.C. §§ 152 and 1014 Bill Wayne WarmathW. D. Tenn.1965Obstruction of correspondence, 18 U.S.C. § 1720 Jack Kenneth WatsonD. Oregon1985Making false statements of material facts to the United States Forest Service, 18 U.S.C. § 1001 Donna Lynn WebbN. D. Fla.1989False entry in savings and loan record by employee, 18 U.S.C. § 1006 Donald William WellsM. D. No. Car.1973Possession of an unregistered firearm, 26 U.S.C. §§ 5861(d) and 5871 Robert H. WendtE. D. Mo.1982Conspiracy to effectuate the escape of a federal prisoner, 18 U.S.C. § 371 Jack L. WilliamsD. Dist. Col.1998Making false statements to federal agents (two counts), 18 U.S.C. § 1001 Kevin Arthur WilliamsD. Neb.1990Conspiracy to distribute and possess with intent to distribute crack cocaine, 21 U.S.C. § 846 Robert Michael WilliamsE. D. Mich.1981Conspiracy to transport in foreign commerce securities obtained by fraud, 18 U.S.C. §§ 371 and 2314 Jimmie Lee WilsonE. D. Ark.1990Converting property mortgaged or pledged to a farm credit agency, and converting public money to personal use, 18 U.S.C. §§ 641 and 658 Thelma Louise WingateM. D. Ga.1991Mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1341 and 2 Mitchell Couey WoodE. D. Ark.1986Conspiracy to possess and to distribute cocaine, 18 U.S.C. § 371 and 21 U.S.C. § 841(a) Warren Stannard WoodS. D. Calif.1978Conspiracy to defraud the United States by filing a false document with the Securities and Exchange Commission, 18 U.S.C. § 371; 15 U.S.C. §§ 78m. 78n, and 78ff Dewey WortheyE. D. Ark.1988Medicaid fraud, 42 U.S.C. § 1396 Rick Allen YaleS. D. Ill.1992Bank fraud, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1344 and 2 Joseph A. YasakN. D. Ill.1988Knowingly making under oath a false declaration regarding a material fact before a Grand Jury, 18 U.S.C. § 1623 William Stanley YinglingE. D. Ark.1979Receipt of a stolen motor vehicle, 18 U.S.C. § 2313 Philip David YoungW. D. La.1992Interstate transportation and sale of fish and wildlife, 16 U.S.C. §§ 3372(a)(2)(A) and 3373(d)(1)(B) more

Resolved Question: Why do libs avoid President Bush's Accomplishments?

Resolved Question: Is this why the libs hate BUSH?

President Bush's Accomplishments Spotted at Rightnation.us and GOPUSA.com reprinted here for your pleasure. I encourage people who support Bush to learn how effective our President has been, and liberals ought to browse this too. Just remember, the liberal media can't cover up the truth of his accomplishments. The Bush Administration 2001-2004 Abortion & Traditional Values 1. Banned Partial Birth Abortion — by far the most significant roll-back of abortion on demand since Roe v. Wade. 2. Reversed Clinton's move to strike Reagan's anti-abortion Mexico Policy. 3. By Executive Order (EO), reversed Clinton's policy of not requiring parental consent for abortions under the Medical Privacy Act. 4. By EO, prohibited federal funds for international family planning groups that provide abortions and related services. 5. Upheld the ban on abortions at military hospitals. 6. Made $33 million available for abstinence education programs in 2004. 7. Supports the Defense of Marriage Act — and a Constitutional amendment saying marriage is between one man and one woman. 8. Requires states to conduct criminal background checks on prospective foster and adoptive parents. 9. Requires districts to let students transfer out of dangerous schools. 10. Requires schools to have a zero-tolerance policy for classroom disruption (reintroducing discipline into classrooms). 11. Signed the Teacher Protection Act, which protects teachers from lawsuits related to student discipline. 12. Expanded the role of faith-based and community organizations in after-school programs. Budget, Taxes & Economy 1. Signed two income tax cuts, one of which was the largest dollar-value tax cut in world history. 2. Supports permanent elimination of the death tax. 3. Turned around an inherited economy that was in recession, and deeply shocked as a result of the 9/11 attacks. 4. Is seeking legislation to amend the Constitution to give the president line-item veto authority. 5. In process of permanently eliminating IRS marriage penalty. 6. Increased small business incentives to expand and to hire new people. 7. Initiated discussion on privatizing Social Security and individual investment accounts. 8. Killed Clinton's "ergonomic" rules that OSHA was about to implement; rules would have shut down every home business in America. 9. Passed tough new laws to hold corporate criminals to account as a result of corporate scandals. 10. Reduced taxes on dividends and capital gains. 11. Signed trade promotion authority. 12. Reduced and is working to ultimately eliminate the estate tax for family farms and ranches. 13. Fight Europe's ban on importing biotech crops from the United States. 14. Exempt food from unilateral trade sanctions and embargoes. 15. Provided $20 million to states to help people with disabilities work from home. 16. Created a fund to encourage technologies that help the disabled. 17. Increased the annual contribution limit on Education IRA's from $500 to $2,000 per child. 18. Make permanent the $5,000 adoption tax credit and provide $1 billion over five years to increase the credit to $10,000. 19. Grant a complete tax exemption for prepaid or college tuition savings plans. 20. Reduced H1B visas from a high of 195,000 per year to 66,000 per year. Character & Conduct as President 1. Changed the tone in the White House, restoring HONOR and DIGNITY to the presidency. 2. Has reintroduced the mention of God and faith into public discourse. 3. Handled himself with enormous courage, dignity, grace, determination, and leadership in the aftermath of the September 11, 2001 hijackings and anthrax attacks. He almost single-handedly held this country together during those searing days: Just three days after the attacks, in his address at the National Cathedral, the President reassured the nation when he said: "War has been waged against us by stealth and deceit and murder. This nation is peaceful, but fierce when stirred to anger. This conflict was begun on the timing and terms of others. It will end in a way, and at an hour, of our choosing." On Friday, September 14, 2001, President Bush visited Ground Zero. Standing on a crushed and burned fire engine atop the smoldering pile at Ground Zero, he put his arm around a retired firefighter who had volunteered to help, and began speaking to the crowd. Rescue workers shouted that they could not hear him. Someone handed him a small American flag and bullhorn. The President spontaneously shouted: "I can hear you. The rest of the world hears you. And the people who knocked these buildings down will hear all of us soon." The crowd roared with cheers and chants of "USA! USA! USA!" Then he raised that American flag and rallied a nation. Education & Employment Training 1. Signed the No Child Left Behind Act, delivering the most dramatic education reforms in a generation (challenging the soft bigotry of low expectations). The very liberal California Teachers union is currently running radio ads against the accountability provisions of this Act. 2. Announced "Jobs for the 21st Century," a comprehensive plan to better prepare workers for jobs in the new millennium by strengthening post-secondary education and job training, and by improving high school education. 3. Is working to provide vouchers to low-income students in persistently failing schools to help with costs of attending private schools. (Blocked in the Senate.) 4. Requires annual reading and math tests in grades three through eight. 5. Requires states to participate in the National Assessment of Education Progress, or an equivalent program, to establish a national benchmark for academic performance. 6. Requires school-by-school accountability report cards. 7. Established a $2.4 billion fund to help states implement teacher accountability systems. 8. Increased funding for the Troops-to-Teachers program, which recruits former military personnel to become teachers. Environment & Energy 1. Killed the Kyoto Global Warming Treaty. 2. Submitted a comprehensive Energy Plan (awaits Congressional action). The plan works to develop cleaner technology, produce more natural gas here at home, make America less dependent on foreign sources of energy, improve national grid, etc. 3. Established a $10 million grant program to promote private conservation initiatives. 4. Significantly eased field-testing controls of genetically engineered crops. 5. Changed parts of the Forestry Management Act to allow necessary cleanup of the national forests in order to reduce fire danger. 6. Part of national forests cleanup: Restricted judicial challenges (based on the Endangered Species Act and other challenges), and removed the need for an Environmental Impact Statement before removing fuels/logging to reduce fire danger. 7. Killed Clinton's CO2 rules that were choking off all of the electricity surplus to California. 8. Provided matching grants for state programs that help private landowners protect rare species. Defense & Foreign Policy 1. Successfully executed two wars in the aftermath of 9/11/01: Afghanistan and Iraq. 50 million people who had lived under tyrannical regimes now live in freedom. 2. Saddam Hussein is now in prison. His two murderous sons are dead. All but a handful of the regime's senior members were killed or captured. 3. Leader by leader and member by member, al Maida is being hunted down in dozens of countries around the world. Of the senior al Qaeda leaders, operational managers, and key facilitators the U.S. Government has been tracking, nearly two-thirds have been taken into custody or killed. The detentions or deaths of senior al Qaeda leaders, including Khalid Shaykh Muhammad, the mastermind of 9/11, and Muhammad Atef, Osama bin Laden's second-in-command until his death in late 2001, have been important in the War on Terror. 4. Disarmed Libya of its chemical, nuclear and biological WMD's without bribes or bloodshed. 5. Continues to execute the War On Terror, getting worldwide cooperation to track funds/terrorists. Has cut off much of the terrorists' funding, and captured or killed many key leaders of the al Qaeda network. 6. Initiated a comprehensive review of our military, which was completed just prior to 9/11/01, and which accurately reported that ASYMMETRICAL WARFARE capabilities were critical in the 21st Century. 7. Killed the old US/Soviet Union ABM Treaty that was preventing the U.S. from deploying our ABM defenses. 8. Has been one of the strongest, if not THE strongest friend Israel has ever hand in the U.S. presidency. 9. Part of the coalition for an Israeli/Palestinian "Roadmap to Peace," along with Great Britain, Russia and the EU. 10. Pushed through THREE raises for our military. Increased military pay by more than $1 billion a year. 11. Signed the LARGEST nuclear arms reduction in world history with Russia. 12. Started withdrawing our troops from Bosnia, and has announced withdrawal of our troops from Germany and the Korean DMZ. 13. Prohibited putting U.S. troops under U.N. command. 14. Paid back UN dues only in return for reforms and reduction of U.S. share of the costs. 15. Earmarked at least 20 percent of the Defense procurement budget for next-generation weaponry. 16. Increased defense research and development spending by at least $20 billion from fiscal 2002 to 2006. 17. Ordered a comprehensive review of military weapons and strategy. 18. Ordered a review of overseas deployments. 19. Ordered renovation of military housing. The military has already upgraded about 10 percent of its inventory and expects to modernize 76,000 additional homes this year. 20. Is working to tighten restrictions on military-technology exports. 21. Brought back our EP-3 intel plane and crew from China without any bribes or bloodshed. Globalization & Internationalism 1. Challenged the United Nations to live up to their responsibilities and not become another League of Nations (in other words, showed the UN to be completely irrelevant). 2. Killed U.S. involvement in the International Criminal Court. 3. Told the United Nations we weren't interested in their plans for gun control (i.e., the International Ban on Small Arms Trafficking Treaty).* 4. The only President since the founding of the UN to essentially tell that organization it is irrelevant. He said: "The conduct of the Iraqi regime is a threat to the authority of the United Nations, and a threat to peace. Iraq has answered a decade of UN demands with a decade of defiance. All the world now faces a test, and the United Nations a difficult and defining moment. Are Security Council resolutions to be honored and enforced, or cast aside without consequence? Will the United Nations serve the purpose of its founding, or will it be irrelevant?" We all know the outcome and the answer. 5. Told the Congress and the world, "America will never seek a permission slip to defend the security of our country." Government Reform 1. Improved government efficiency by putting hundreds of thousands of jobs put up for bid. This weakens public-sector unions and cuts undeserved pay raises. 2. Initiated review of all federal agencies with the goal of eliminating federal jobs (completed September 2003) in an effort to reduce the size of the federal government while increasing private sector jobs. 3. Led the most extensive reorganization the Federal bureaucracy in over 50 years: After 9/11, condensed 20+ overlapping agencies and their intelligence sectors into one agency, the Department of Homeland Security.* 4. Ordered each agency to draft a five-year plan to restructure itself, with fewer managers. 5. Converted federal service contracts to performance-based contracts wherever possible so that the contractor has measurable performance goals. Health 1. Strengthen the National Health Service Corps to put more physicians in the neediest areas, and make its scholarship funds tax-free. 2. Double the research budget of the National Institutes of Health. 3. Signed Medicare Reform, which includes: A 10-year privatization option. Prescription drug benefits: Prior to this reform, Medicare paid for extended hospital stays for ulcer surgery, for example, at a cost of about $28,000 per patient. Yet Medicare would not pay for the drugs that eliminate the cause of most ulcers, drugs that cost about $500 a year. Now, drug coverage under Medicare will allow seniors to replace more expensive surgeries and hospitalizations with less expensive prescription medicine. More health care choices: As President Bush stated, "…when seniors have the ability to make choices, health care plans within Medicare will have to compete for their business by offering higher quality service [at lower cost]. For the seniors of America, more choices and more control will mean better health care. These are the kinds of health care options we give to the members of Congress and federal employees. What's good for members of Congress is also good for seniors. New Health Savings Accounts: Effective January 1, 2004, Americans can set aside up to $4,500 every year, tax free, to save for medical expenses. Depending on your tax bracket, that means you'll save between 10 to 35 percent on any costs covered by money in your account. Every year, the money not spent would stay in the account and gain interest tax-free, just like an IRA. These accounts will be good for small business owners, and employees. More businesses can focus on covering workers for major medical problems, such as hospitalization for an injury or illness. At the same time, employees and their families will use these accounts to cover doctors visits, or lab tests, or other smaller costs. Some employers will contribute to employee health accounts. This will help more American families get the health care they need at the price they can afford. Homeland Security, Border Enforcement & Immigration 1. *See Government Reform above. Under President Bush's leadership, America has made an unprecedented commitment to homeland security. 2. Has CONSTRUCTION in process on the first 10 ABM silos in Alaska so that America will have a defense against North Korean nukes. Has ordered national and theater ballistic missile defenses to be deployed by 2004. 3. Announced a 9.7% increase in government-wide homeland security funding in his FY 2005 budget, nearly tripling the FY 2001 levels (excluding the Department of Defense and Project BioShield). 4. Before DHS was created, there were inspectors from three different agencies of the Federal Government and Border Patrol officers protecting our borders. Through DHS, U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) now consolidates all border activities into a single agency to create "one face at the border." This not only better secures the borders of the United States, but it also eliminates many of the inefficiencies that occurred under the old system. With over 18,000 CBP inspectors and 11,000 Border Patrol agents, CBP has 29,000 uniformed officers on our borders. 5. The Border Patrol is continuing installation of monitoring devices along the borders to detect illegal activity. 6. Launched Operation Tarmac to investigate businesses and workers in the secure areas of domestic airports and ensure immigration law compliance. Since 9/11, DHS has audited 3,640 businesses, examined 259,037 employee records, arrested 1,030 unauthorized workers, and participated in the criminal indictment of 774 individuals. 7. Since September 11, 2001, the Coast Guard has conducted more than 124,000 port security patrols, 13,000 air patrols, boarded more than 92,000 vessels, interdicted over 14,000 individuals attempting to enter the United States illegally, and created and maintained more than 90 Maritime Security Zones. 8. Announced the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS), an internet-based system that is improving America's ability to track and monitor foreign students and exchange visitors. Over 870,000 students are registered in SEVIS. Of 285 completed field investigations, 71 aliens were arrested. 9. This week, the US-VISIT program began to digitally collect biometric identifiers to record the entry and exit of aliens who travel into the U.S on a visa. Together with the standard information, this new program will confirm compliance with visa and immigration policies. 10. Eliminated INS bureaucratic redundancies and lack of accountability. 11. Split the Immigration and Naturalization Service into two agencies: one to protect the border and interior, the other to deal with naturalization. 12. Signed the workplace verification bill to prevent hiring of illegal aliens. 13. Established a six-month deadline for processing immigration applications. 14. Information regarding nearly 100% of all containerized cargo is carefully screened by DHS before it arrives in the United States. Higher risk shipments are physically inspected for terrorist weapons and contraband prior to being released from the port of entry. Advanced technologies are being deployed to identify warning signs of chemical, biological, or radiological attacks. Since September 11, 2001, hundreds of thousands of first responders across America have been trained to recognize and respond to the effects of a WMD attack. Judiciary & Tort Reform 1. Is urging federal liability reform to eliminate frivolous lawsuits. 2. Killed the liberal ABA's unconstitutional role in vetting federal judges. The Senate is supposed to advise and consent, not the ABA. 3. Is nominating strong, conservative judges to the judiciary. 4. Supports class action reform bill which limits lawyer fees so that more settlement money goes to victims. Politics 1. His leadership resulted in Republican gains in the House and Senate, solidifying Republican control of both houses of Congress and the presidency. 2. Signed an EO enforcing the Supreme Court's Beck decision regarding union dues being used for political campaigns against individual's wishes. Second Amendment 1. Ordered Attorney General Ashcroft to formally notify the Supreme Court that the OFFICIAL U.S. government position on the 2nd Amendment is that it supports INDIVIDUAL rights to own firearms, and is NOT a Leftist-imagined "collective" right. 2. Signed TWO bills into law that arm our pilots with handguns in the cockpit. 3. Currently pushing for full immunity from lawsuits for our national gun manufacturers. 4. *See Globalization & Internationalism. Traditional Values, Compassion & Volunteerism 1. Endorses and promotes "The Responsibility Era." President Bush often speaks of the necessity of personal responsibility and civic volunteerism. He said, "In a compassionate society, people respect one another and take responsibility for the decisions they make in life. My hope is to change the culture from one that has said, if it feels good, do it; if you've got a problem, blame somebody else — to one in which every single American understands that he or she is responsible for the decisions that you make; you're responsible for loving your children with all your heart and all your soul; you're responsible for being involved with the quality of the education of your children; you're responsible for making sure the community in which you live is safe; you're responsible for loving your neighbor, just like you would like to be loved yourself." 2. Started the USA Freedom Corps, the most comprehensive clearinghouse of volunteer opportunities ever offered. For the first time in history, Americans can enter geographic information about where they want to get involved, such as state or zip code, as well as areas of interest ranging from education to the environment, and they can access volunteer opportunities offered by more than 50,000 organizations across the country and around the world. 3. Established the The White House Office and the Centers for the Faith-Based and Community Initiative — located in seven Federal agencies. The faith-based initiative supports the essential work of these important organizations. The goal is to make sure that grassroots leaders can compete on an equal footing for federal dollars, receive greater private support, and face fewer bureaucratic barriers. Work focuses on at-risk youth, ex-offenders, the homeless and hungry, substance abusers, those with HIV/AIDS, and welfare-to-work families. 4. The White House released a guidebook fully describing the Administration's belief that faith-based groups have a Constitutionally-protected right to maintain their religious identity through hiring — even when Federal funds are involved. 5. Issued an EO implementing the Supreme Court's Olmstead ruling, which requires moving disabled people from institutions to community-based facilities when possible. 6. Increased funding for low-interest loan programs to help people with disabilities purchase devices to assist them. 7. Revised the Department of Housing and Urban Development's Section 8 rent subsidies to disabled people, permitting them to use up to a year's worth of vouchers to finance down payments on homes. HUD has started pilot programs in 11 states. 8. Committed US funds to purchase medicine for millions of men, women and children now suffering with AIDS in Africa. 9. Heeding the words of our own Declaration of Independence, the president laid out the non-negotiable demands of human dignity for all people everywhere. On January 29, 2002, he said, "No nation owns these aspirations, and no nation is exempt from them. We have no intention of imposing our culture. But America will always stand firm for the non-negotiable demands of human dignity." As stated by the President, they are a virtual manifesto of conservative principles: Equal Justice Freedom of Speech Limited Government Power Private Property Rights Religious Tolerance Respect for Women Rule of Law ________________________________________ TOPICS: Business/Economy; Constitution/Conservatism; Crime/Corruption; Culture/Society; Editorial; Foreign Affairs; Government; Miscellaneous; News/Current Events; Politics/Elections; War on Terror KEYWORDS: bushlegacy; bushrecord; georgewbush; gwb2004 ________________________________________ 1 posted on 03/12/2004 4:23:27 AM PST by Cincinatus' Wife [ Post Reply | Private Reply | View Replies ] ________________________________________ To: Cincinatus' Wife Bush is our President. He fixed our country. He brought back family values. He made us strong in the face of danger. He is looing out for my childrens education. He has reduced my income tax. That's why he gets my vote. 2 posted on 03/12/2004 4:43:46 AM PST by EQAndyBuzz (60 Senate seats changes the world!! Bury Kerry in 04!) [ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies ] ________________________________________ To: Cincinatus' Wife someone one point to the Medicare section and the savings accounts, someone scream at the conservatives who cry about drugs and point out $28,000 for ulcer surgery vs $500 for medicine; Medical Savings Accounts as a way to have larger deductibles and more patient responsibility. THESE ARE CONSERVATIVE PROGRAMS!! Newt was all over TV praising this program one week after they passed it but RUSH who is a headline reader has gotten it wrong and cost Bush 10 points in the polls. 3 posted on 03/12/2004 4:53:54 AM PST by q_an_a [ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies ] ________________________________________ To: Cincinatus' Wife Bookmark for future reference 4 posted on 03/12/2004 5:05:46 AM PST by Semper Vigilantis (1 democrat + 1 democrat = 5 opinions, 6 tax increases, 2 more welfare programs & 0 solutions.) [ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies ] ________________________________________ To: Cincinatus' Wife wide open borders that allow narco terrorists al qaeda and chi coms open easy access to CONUS? 5 posted on 03/12/2004 5:26:59 AM PST by joesnuffy (Moderate Islam Is For Dilettantes) [ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies ] ________________________________________ To: Cincinatus' Wife Abortion & Traditional Values 1. Banned Partial Birth Abortion — by far the most significant roll-back of abortion on demand since Roe v. Wade. 2. Reversed Clinton's move to strike Reagan's anti-abortion Mexico Policy. 3. By Executive Order (EO), reversed Clinton's policy of not requiring parental consent for abortions under the Medical Privacy Act. 4. By EO, prohibited federal funds for international family planning groups that provide abortions and related services. 5. Upheld the ban on abortions at military hospitals. 6. Made $33 million available for abstinence education programs in 2004. 7. Supports the Defense of Marriage Act — and a Constitutional amendment saying marriage is between one man and one woman. 8. Requires states to conduct criminal background checks on prospective foster and adoptive parents. 9. Requires districts to let students transfer out of dangerous schools. 10. Requires schools to have a zero-tolerance policy for classroom disruption (reintroducing discipline into classrooms). 11. Signed the Teacher Protection Act, which protects teachers from lawsuits related to student discipline. 12. Expanded the role of faith-based and community organizations in after-school programs. Budget, Taxes & Economy 1. Signed two income tax cuts, one of which was the largest dollar-value tax cut in world history. 2. Supports permanent elimination of the death tax. 3. Turned around an inherited economy that was in recession, and deeply shocked as a result of the 9/11 attacks. 4. Is seeking legislation to amend the Constitution to give the president line-item veto authority. 5. In process of permanently eliminating IRS marriage penalty. 6. Increased small business incentives to expand and to hire new people. 7. Initiated discussion on privatizing Social Security and individual investment accounts. 8. Killed Clinton's "ergonomic" rules that OSHA was about to implement; rules would have shut down every home business in America. 9. Passed tough new laws to hold corporate criminals to account as a result of corporate scandals. 10. Reduced taxes on dividends and capital gains. 11. Signed trade promotion authority. 12. Reduced and is working to ultimately eliminate the estate tax for family farms and ranches. 13. Fight Europe's ban on importing biotech crops from the United States. 14. Exempt food from unilateral trade sanctions and embargoes. 15. Provided $20 million to states to help people with disabilities work from home. 16. Created a fund to encourage technologies that help the disabled. 17. Increased the annual contribution limit on Education IRA's from $500 to $2,000 per child. 18. Make permanent the $5,000 adoption tax credit and provide $1 billion over five years to increase the credit to $10,000. 19. Grant a complete tax exemption for prepaid or college tuition savings plans. 20. Reduced H1B visas from a high of 195,000 per year to 66,000 per year. Character & Conduct as President 1. Changed the tone in the White House, restoring HONOR and DIGNITY to the presidency. 2. Has reintroduced the mention of God and faith into public discourse. 3. Handled himself with enormous courage, dignity, grace, determination, and leadership in the aftermath of the September 11, 2001 hijackings and anthrax attacks. He almost single-handedly held this country together during those searing days: Just three days after the attacks, in his address at the National Cathedral, the President reassured the nation when he said: "War has been waged against us by stealth and deceit and murder. This nation is peaceful, but fierce when stirred to anger. This conflict was begun on the timing and terms of others. It will end in a way, and at an hour, of our choosing." On Friday, September 14, 2001, President Bush visited Ground Zero. Standing on a crushed and burned fire engine atop the smoldering pile at Ground Zero, he put his arm around a retired firefighter who had volunteered to help, and began speaking to the crowd. Rescue workers shouted that they could not hear him. Someone handed him a small American flag and bullhorn. The President spontaneously shouted: "I can hear you. The rest of the world hears you. And the people who knocked these buildings down will hear all of us soon." The crowd roared with cheers and chants of "USA! USA! USA!" Then he raised that American flag and rallied a nation. Education & Employment Training 1. Signed the No Child Left Behind Act, delivering the most dramatic education reforms in a generation (challenging the soft bigotry of low expectations). The very liberal California Teachers union is currently running radio ads against the accountability provisions of this Act. 2. Announced "Jobs for the 21st Century," a comprehensive plan to better prepare workers for jobs in the new millennium by strengthening post-secondary education and job training, and by improving high school education. 3. Is working to provide vouchers to low-income students in persistently failing schools to help with costs of attending private schools. (Blocked in the Senate.) 4. Requires annual reading and math tests in grades three through eight. 5. Requires states to participate in the National Assessment of Education Progress, or an equivalent program, to establish a national benchmark for academic performance. 6. Requires school-by-school accountability report cards. 7. Established a $2.4 billion fund to help states implement teacher accountability systems. 8. Increased funding for the Troops-to-Teachers program, which recruits former military personnel to become teachers. Environment & Energy 1. Killed the Kyoto Global Warming Treaty. 2. Submitted a comprehensive Energy Plan (awaits Congressional action). The plan works to develop cleaner technology, produce more natural gas here at home, make America less dependent on foreign sources of energy, improve national grid, etc. 3. Established a $10 million grant program to promote private conservation initiatives. 4. Significantly eased field-testing controls of genetically engineered crops. 5. Changed parts of the Forestry Management Act to allow necessary cleanup of the national forests in order to reduce fire danger. 6. Part of national forests cleanup: Restricted judicial challenges (based on the Endangered Species Act and other challenges), and removed the need for an Environmental Impact Statement before removing fuels/logging to reduce fire danger. 7. Killed Clinton's CO2 rules that were choking off all of the electricity surplus to California. 8. Provided matching grants for state programs that help private landowners protect rare species. Defense & Foreign Policy 1. Successfully executed two wars in the aftermath of 9/11/01: Afghanistan and Iraq. 50 million people who had lived under tyrannical regimes now live in freedom. 2. Saddam Hussein is now in prison. His two murderous sons are dead. All but a handful of the regime's senior members were killed or captured. 3. Leader by leader and member by member, al Maida is being hunted down in dozens of countries around the world. Of the senior al Qaeda leaders, operational managers, and key facilitators the U.S. Government has been tracking, nearly two-thirds have been taken into custody or killed. The detentions or deaths of senior al Qaeda leaders, including Khalid Shaykh Muhammad, the mastermind of 9/11, and Muhammad Atef, Osama bin Laden's second-in-command until his death in late 2001, have been important in the War on Terror. 4. Disarmed Libya of its chemical, nuclear and biological WMD's without bribes or bloodshed. 5. Continues to execute the War On Terror, getting worldwide cooperation to track funds/terrorists. Has cut off much of the terrorists' funding, and captured or killed many key leaders of the al Qaeda network. 6. Initiated a comprehensive review of our military, which was completed just prior to 9/11/01, and which accurately reported that ASYMMETRICAL WARFARE capabilities were critical in the 21st Century. 7. Killed the old US/Soviet Union ABM Treaty that was preventing the U.S. from deploying our ABM defenses. 8. Has been one of the strongest, if not THE strongest friend Israel has ever hand in the U.S. presidency. 9. Part of the coalition for an Israeli/Palestinian "Roadmap to Peace," along with Great Britain, Russia and the EU. 10. Pushed through THREE raises for our military. Increased military pay by more than $1 billion a year. 11. Signed the LARGEST nuclear arms reduction in world history with Russia. 12. Started withdrawing our troops from Bosnia, and has announced withdrawal of our troops from Germany and the Korean DMZ. 13. Prohibited putting U.S. troops under U.N. command. 14. Paid back UN dues only in return for reforms and reduction of U.S. share of the costs. 15. Earmarked at least 20 percent of the Defense procurement budget for next-generation weaponry. 16. Increased defense research and development spending by at least $20 billion from fiscal 2002 to 2006. 17. Ordered a comprehensive review of military weapons